華語簡易通 EASY CHINESE FOR YOU!

演唱會在什麼地方舉行？（二） Where will the choir concert be held? (II)

對話 Dialogues 玉玲：你表哥坐的飛機幾點到？ 立夫：晚上十點二十。 玉玲：演唱會六點開始，八點結束。我想來得及去接機。 立夫：好，演唱會在什麼地方舉行？ 玉玲：在體育場。我們五點半在東區入口見面，好嗎？ 立夫：沒問題。那，我們再聯絡。 Yuling: What time does your cousin’s flight arrive? Lifu: 10:20 PM. Yuling: The concert starts at six and ends at eight. I think you could make it in time to pick him up. Lifu: OK, then where will the concert be held? Yuling: At the stadium. Let’s meet at 5:30 PM at the East entrance, OK? Lifu: OK, no problem. Then, call me! 詞彙與短語 Vocabulary & Phrase 結束 (jiéshù) to end, to conclude 來得及 (láidejí) be in time for 在 (zài) in, at, on 舉行 (jǔxíng) to hold, to begin 聯絡 (liánluò) to contact / to be in contact 教材音檔 Audio Files 本文內容及音檔來源:　華語簡易通 For more audio files, visit the center’s Web site at: http://mtc.ntnu.edu.tw/book/book-show-6.html 國立臺灣師範大學國語教學中心提供 Provided by NTNU Mandarin Training Center: http://www.mtc.ntnu.edu.tw/ COPYRIGHT c 2022 國立臺灣師範大學國語教學中心 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

What’s behind strained China-Japan relations 中日緊張關係概述

Japan and China on Thursday last week marked the 50th anniversary of the 1972 normalization of their ties, but there isn’t much of a celebratory mood. Improved ties between Asia’s two biggest economies are considered vital to the region’s stability and prosperity, but they remain at odds over disputed East China Sea islands and China’s growing military and economic assertiveness in the region. Here are the key issues in the often strained relations between these powerhouse neighbors: TERRITORIAL DISPUTES A huge source of contention is an uninhabited group of Tokyo-controlled, Beijing-claimed East China Sea islands called Senkaku in Japan and Diaoyu in China. Japan insists that the islands, which once hosted a Japanese seafood factory, are part of its territory, both historically and by international law. China says they were stolen by Japan in 1895 and should have been returned at the end of World War II. The disputed islands are surrounded by rich fishing grounds and undersea oil deposits, and Japan accuses China of suddenly making its territorial claims after the undersea resources were found in a 1969 United Nations report. The 1972 normalization communique did not deal with the issue, but the dispute intensified after Japan’s government in 2012 nationalized the Senkaku islands, leading to violent protests across China. Chinese coast guard and fishing boats are regularly found in the area, routinely intruding on Japanese waters. FEAR OF TAIWAN EMERGENCY Japan, along with its security ally the US, has openly criticized increased Chinese activities in the South China Sea. Tokyo has also pushed for peace and stability in the Taiwan Strait. China claims Taiwan, a self-governing democracy, and has threatened to annex it by force if necessary. With a US-China trade war and naval tensions on the rise in the area, Japan is increasingly worried about Taiwan emergencies. China’s increased

ANALYTICAL ENGLISH 解析英語

Highs and lows: The history of high heels 高跟鞋：歷經成敗 淬鍊不凡

High heels are usually associated with feminine beauty and luxury, but this was not always the case. In fact, the history of this fashionable form of footwear is filled with surprises. For starters, did you know that high heels were originally designed for men? The first ones appeared in 10th-century Persia, where army horsemen wore them to fasten their feet into stirrups. Although functional, they also looked sharp, so the trend soon spread. Twelfth-century temple artwork in India depicts female dancers wearing raised shoes. In Medieval Europe, both men and women wore elevated shoes made of wood. Women of noble birth at that time also wore platform shoes called chopines. __1__ The higher the chopines, the higher the status of the wearer. The modern version of high heels, thin bars lifting only the back of the feet, was brought from Persia to Europe in the early 17th century. High-heeled shoes became a symbol of authority and status for men. __2__ A fashion trend was born and quickly spread across Europe, first among men and then women. The height of the heels was even standardized and indicative of one’s class: 0.5 inches for commoners, 1-2 inches for nobles and knights, and 2.5 inches only for royalty. Men’s and women’s high heels started to differ as well, with women wearing smaller shoes with thinner heels and men preferring tall and leather boots. In the 18th century, men started to regard high-heeled shoes with thin heels as impractical. __3__ The popularity of high heels dramatically dropped during the French Revolution (1789-1799) as no one wanted to be seen as royalty. __4__ In modern times, high heels are associated with professionalism, elegance and confidence among women, while the style has tapered off among men. But who knows? Maybe men’s high heels will catch on again some time. 高跟鞋經常和女性之美以及奢華聯想在一起，但並非一直是如此。其實，這種流行鞋款的歷史充滿了意料之外的事。 首先，你知道高跟鞋原本是為男性設計的嗎？首批高跟鞋出現在十世紀的波斯，當時的騎兵穿著此款鞋子以將腳固定在馬鐙上。雖然很實用，但它們看起來也很時髦，所以這種潮流很快流行開來。十二世紀印度廟宇的藝術品上，刻劃了穿著增高鞋子的女舞者。在中世紀的歐洲，男性和女性都穿著木製的增高鞋。當時，貴族出身的女性也會穿著被稱為chopines的厚底鞋。這些鞋子不僅幫女性避開街上的泥濘，也象徵她們的地位。chopines愈高，穿著者的地位就愈高。 現代版的高跟鞋—只提高腳後跟部分的細跟—在十七世紀初從波斯傳入歐洲。對男性來說，高跟鞋變成權威和地位的象徵。例如，法王路易十四喜歡穿紅色高跟鞋，其代表他的權力。一股潮流隨之生成並快速傳遍歐洲，先是在男性間，接著在女性之中流行。這些跟鞋的高度甚至被標準化來表示階級：半英吋是平民百姓穿的，一到兩英吋是給貴族和騎士穿的，而二‧五英吋只專屬皇族。 男性和女性的高跟鞋也開始有所不同，女性穿著較小、跟較細的鞋子，而男性則偏好高筒的皮靴。十八世紀時，男性開始認為細跟的高跟鞋不實穿。最後，男性拋棄高跟鞋，而此類鞋款落到女性的領域中。高跟鞋的受歡迎程度在法國大革命期間（1789年到1799年）大幅下降，因為沒有人想被視為皇族成員。 大眾對高跟鞋的興趣在十九世紀復興了，而自那時候起，該類型的鞋子一直都是女性在穿。如今，高跟鞋在女性之間與專業能力、優雅和自信連結在一起，在男性之間則已經退流行。但誰知道呢？也許男性的高跟鞋在某個時候會再次流行起來。 What

By Nick Kembel

IN THE NEWS 時事英語

報復性旅遊（revenge travel）要開始啦！繼許多國家於今年開放國外旅客入境，台灣也預計在十月中開放邊境，因為疫情悶了近三年，民眾終於可以出國遊玩！旅遊是TOEIC測驗常考情境，今天就讓我們來學學旅遊情境中不可少的訂票、訂房相關英文吧！ book a flight ticket 預訂機票 If you are booking an international plane ticket, you should book as far in advance as possible, especially if your destination is smaller or only has one nearby airport. （如果你正在預訂一張國際機票，你應該盡量提早預訂，尤其是當你的目的地是個小地方，或是附近只有一座機場。） booking an international plane ticket代表「訂購一張國際機票」。預訂機票的動詞要用book，當名詞是「書本」的意思，但當動詞時解釋為「預訂」。 Will booked a seat on the evening flight to Los Angeles. （威爾預訂了飛往洛杉磯的夜班客機的座位。） The hotel/restaurant/theater is fully booked. （旅館／餐廳／劇院已預訂滿了。） 除了用booked，要表達「沒有空位」時，英文也可以用all the rooms／tables／tickets have been taken，代表「所有的房間／餐廳座位／票券都已經被訂走了。」 I’ve booked us two tickets to see “Carmen.” （我已經為我們訂了兩張《卡門》的票。） 根據上面的句型，動詞book 後方加上「us我們」、「two tickets兩張票」二個受詞，就是使用雙賓動詞的概念，在語法中，賓語指的是受詞，若動詞後方可以接二個受詞，則代表雙賓動詞。相同的概念還有give、buy等動詞。如此一來，這句話換句話說是I’ve booked two tickets for us to see “Carmen.” book as far in advance as possible解釋為「盡量提早預訂」。in advance是「事先、提早」的介系詞片語，因此book in advance就是「提早預訂」的意思。而as far as possible與in advance搭配，表達提早的時間盡量越早越好。 If you’re going to come, please let me know in advance. （如果你要來，請提前通知我。） destination 目的地 destination是「目的地」的意思。說到旅遊，一定會提到這個單字，來自於destine「注定…」，因此延伸出「注定要到達的地點」，也就是「目的地」。而要表達「抵達目的地」，要用動詞arrive，因為屬於不及物動詞，因此要加上介系詞at來連接受詞。 We arrived at our destination tired and hungry. （我們到達目的地時又累又餓。） 可與arrive相互替換的動詞是reach，兩者為同義詞，但因為reach是及物動詞，因此受詞的前方不需要加上介系詞。 His letter never reached its destination. （他的信從未被送到收信人處。） 若旅遊的目的地是渡假勝地，則可用holiday destination來形容，不過這是英式用法，美式說法則是vacation destination。 The Caribbean is a popular holiday destination. （加勒比海是一個受到歡迎的渡假勝地。） reserve a hotel room 預訂飯店房間 You can also reserve the room by calling the hotel directly. Try to call late evening, as mornings and mid-afternoons can be busy for the front desk. （你也可以直接打給飯店預訂房間。盡量在深夜時候打電話，因為早上和下午正是前台忙碌的時間。） reserve the room代表「預訂房間」。動詞reserve是book的同義詞，名詞變化為reservation，注意要先去掉動詞字尾「-e」才能加上「-ation」名詞字尾。 I reserved a double room at the Lamb Hotel. （我在蘭姆飯店預訂了一間雙人房。） reserve本身也有「保留」的意思，可以加上介系詞for來表達「目的」，因此後方要連接動名詞片語代表「保留的目的」。 I reserve Mondays for tidying my desk and answering letters. （我把週一的時間留出來清理辦公桌和回信。） make a reservation 預訂 名詞用法make a reservation也是「預訂」的意思，若要表達多少人的座位則要在後面加上介系詞for與人數。 I’d like to make a table reservation for two people for nine o’clock. （我要預訂九點兩人用餐的桌位。） Please confirm your reservation in writing by Friday. （請在週五前以書面形式確認您的預訂。） 【多益模擬試題】 1. One reason that the economy of the country is doing so well is that people now have more discretionary funds at their________. (A) dispose (B) disposing (C) disposal (D) disposes 2. The forethought and planning ________ at each step of writing a proposal will have a direct impact on the chances of its acceptance. (A) invest (B) invested (C) investor (D) investing 3. Insofar as the company is liable for ________, the dissatisfied customer will be compensated for any damage. (A) negligence (B) slight (C) disregard (D) overlook

By Buffy Kao

GO! ENGLISH 英語趴趴夠

Here is a store’s notice about its special sale. 以下是一家商店的特賣通知。 Kitchen Mate To all our friends, For larger space and better service, we are moving to a new place on Oak Street, just two blocks away from here. Before we close the store on Green Road, we are having a goodbye sale on Tuesday 10:00-17:00, Oct. 18. All our kitchen tools are up to 70% off! We hope to see you on the last day of old Kitchen Mate. And let’s meet at our new home next month! 必備單字 1. space n. 空間（國中基本1200字） 2. tool n. 工具（國中基本1200字） 實用字詞 1. service 服務 3. goodbye sale 結束營業拍賣會 4. up to + 數字 高達… 閱讀技巧： 將長句分成短字詞，以利閱讀 We are having a goodbye sale/on Tuesday 10:00-17:00, /Oct. 18. 我們將舉辦／結束營業拍賣會／在週二早上十點到下午五點，／十月十八日。 斷句練習： We hope to see you on the last day of old Kitchen Mate. 解答： 動手做做看：將長句分成短字詞 We hope to see you/ on the last day of/ old Kitchen Mate. 我們希望見到您／在最後營業日／「廚房夥伴」舊店址。 考題練習： TOEIC Bridge測驗X國中會考題型 1. Why is the store closing? (A) It needs a place with more space. (B) It has lost business for its bad service. (C) It will be changed to a different store. 2. When is the store having the sale? (A) After Tuesday (B) Before it is closed (C) On October 19th 3. What CAN’T we know from the notice? (A) Where the old store is. (B) What is on sale. (C) What date the new store is open. 解答： 1. (A) 2. (B) 3. (C) 文章由 English OK 授權使用: www.englishok.com.tw

編 審:致理科技大學教授 陳超明

SPEAK UP ! 雙語會話

What’s in an earthquake emergency kit? (2/2) 地震避難包裡有什麼？（二）

A: Apart from the seven essential items, is there anything else I should include in an emergency earthquake kit? B: Yes. Less essential items include batteries, a radio, warm clothing, copies of identification documents, a light raincoat or poncho, disposable hand warmers and facial tissues. A: Is there anything else? B: You could also include a towel, masks and stationery. You could even prepare a set of spare keys, a Swiss army knife and some cash. A: I’m going to prepare an emergency kit right away. B: Remember to check it once every six months and replace any items as necessary. A: 除了七樣必備物品外，避難包裡還要放什麼？ B: 次要物品包括︰電池、收音機、禦寒衣物、證件影本、輕便型雨衣、暖暖包、面紙。 A: 還有呢？ B: 還有毛巾、口罩、文具用品，甚至備份鑰匙、瑞士刀、現金…等。 A: 那我快來準備。 B: 記得每半年檢查並更新一次唷。 （Translated by Edward Jones, Taipei Times／台北時報張聖恩）

SPEAK UP ! 雙語會話

A: There were so many aftershocks after the recent earthquake. It was scary. B: Do you have an earthquake emergency kit at home? A: No, I don’t. What should I prepare for the emergency kit? B: Taiwan’s National Fire Agency recommends that people include seven essential items. A: Let me guess: drinking water and food are two of the essential items. B: Correct! The other five are a small blanket, emergency medicine, coarse cotton safety gloves, a flashlight and a whistle. A: 最近地震後餘震不斷，好可怕。 B: 你家有地震避難包嗎？ A: 沒有耶，避難包裡該準備什麼？ B: 根據台灣消防署建議，應該有七樣必備物品！ A: 我猜要有飲水和食物。 B: 猜對了，還要有小毛毯、急救藥品、粗棉手套、手電筒及哨子。 （Translated by Edward Jones, Taipei Times／台北時報張聖恩）

ENGLISH DIGEST 實用英語

The ‘Barnum effect:’ A common cognitive bias 覺得星座運勢很準？「巴納姆效應」在作祟

Have you ever read your horoscope and thought the predictions were extraordinarily accurate? If so, you’ve experienced the “Barnum effect,” also called the “Forer effect.” This psychological phenomenon refers to the tendency of people to believe that vague, general statements are specific descriptions of themselves. The Barnum effect works exceptionally well for positive statements, as most people’s egos enjoy praise and reject criticism. It’s named after American businessman P.T. Barnum, who’s strongly associated with the phrase, “There’s a sucker born every minute.” This declaration conveys humans’ gullible nature and desire to believe the good things they’re told about themselves. This common cognitive bias was demonstrated through an experiment conducted by American professor Bertram R. Forer in 1948. His students completed individual personality surveys and were told that they would be analyzed and custom feedback would be returned. Most students evaluated the feedback quality as very accurate. However, Forer had given each student the exact same results! General statements like: “You have a great need for people to like and admire you” and “You have a tendency to be critical of yourself” applied to almost everyone. We’re used to identifying universally valid statements in astrology and fortune telling, but where else can we see the Barnum effect? Digital platforms like Netflix and Spotify generate content recommendations on our profile. These are partly based on our user history, but they’re also general lists suggested for many users at the same time. However, we’re more likely to consume content when we think it’s personally selected for us! To avoid being deceived by the Barnum effect, be aware that it’s happening and stay skeptical. Look for specific statements, not general ones. While being fooled may sometimes be harmless, avoiding being manipulated by the Barnum effect can help prevent us from making decisions that may not be rational

By《空中美語》編輯群

Taiwan set for modest rate hike as growth slows 經濟成長趨緩　台灣央行溫和升息

Taiwan’s central bank increased its benchmark interest rate by a modest amount on Thursday last week, the third hike this year, as it tries to battle inflation without further weighing down its slowing economy. The central bank raised its policy rate by 12.5 basis points to 1.625 percent, in line with forecasts of most economists surveyed by Bloomberg. The bank also raised its reserve requirement ratios by 0.25 percentage points. The central bank’s decision came hours after the US Federal Reserve hiked interest rates by 75 basis points, the fifth increase this year, to tame rampant inflation. Taiwan’s policy makers have been able to be more flexible in their rate hikes, with inflation peaking in the second quarter amid a slowdown in the economy. The central bank raises its rate by a smaller-than-expected 12.5 basis points in June and by 25 basis points in March. Higher interest rates may help to bolster Taiwan’s dollar, which has slumped this year on the back of a stronger US currency, weaker export demand and rising geopolitical tensions. The local dollar was down 4.8 percent against the greenback in the past month, the third-worst performer among Asian currencies. Taiwanese officials have sought to balance tempering inflation without hurting its economy, which has been weighed down by sluggish demand from China, the impact of COVID-19 restrictions on supply chains, and other global headwinds. The government has already cut its 2022 growth forecast twice this year to 3.76 percent. “Taiwan’s economic slowdown is very apparent, with export growth only in the single digits and manufacturing PMI shrinking,” Ma Tieying, an economist at DBS Group Holdings Ltd, said before the rate decision. “The risk of Taiwan’s economic downturn is very high, so from this point of view, increasing by 12.5 basis points is a compromise option and the best option.” Economists surveyed by

EASY CHINESE FOR YOU! 華語簡易通

對話 Dialogues 玉玲：立夫，我有兩張演唱會的票，要不要一起去看？ 立夫：誰的演唱會？ 玉玲：阿宏的。聽說他唱得不錯。 立夫：好啊！是什麼時候的票呢？ 玉玲：一月十五號，下個星期六。 立夫：可是那天我表哥要來台灣，我得去飛機場接他。 Yuling: Lifu, I have two tickets to a choir concert. Would you like to go with me? Lifu: Whose concert is it? Yuling: A-Hong’s. People say his singing is not bad. Lifu: I’d love to go! When is the performance? Yuling: Jan. 15, next Saturday. Lifu: But my cousin is coming to Taiwan. I have to go to the airport to pick him up. 詞彙與短語 Vocabulary & Phrase 演唱會 (yǎnchànghuì) concert (singing) 一起 (yì qǐ) together 聽說 (tīngshuō) “It is said” / “People say” / “I have heard” 下 (xià) next 得 (děi) have to, ought to, should 教材音檔 Audio Files 本文內容及音檔來源:　華語簡易通 For more audio files, visit the center’s Web site at: http://mtc.ntnu.edu.tw/book/book-show-6.html 國立臺灣師範大學國語教學中心提供 Provided by NTNU Mandarin Training Center: http://www.mtc.ntnu.edu.tw/ COPYRIGHT c 2022 國立臺灣師範大學國語教學中心 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

ANALYTICAL ENGLISH 解析英語

Laugh out loud at ‘stand-up comedy’ 「單口喜劇」：讓你笑到「並軌」

Most of us know someone great at telling jokes. It takes exceptional talent, however, to become a successful stand-up comedian. These people stand up on stage with just a microphone and try their hardest to get as many __1__ from the audience as possible. In countries like the US and the UK, top stand-up comedians are among the best-known celebrities. Most focus on a specific type of comedy in their act. One of the most common is observational comedy, __2__ jokes are made about aspects of everyday life. Another is political satire, which makes fun of people in politics. Early versions of stand-up comedy date back to the 19th century. However, the style that people are familiar with today — one person standing before an audience telling jokes— started __3__ in the 1930s. In the 1970s and 1980s, special comedy clubs like The Laugh Factory and the Comedy Cellar began appearing in cities. As early as the 1960s, however, stand-up comedians had been performing regularly on late-night television talk shows, such as The Tonight Show. This development was __4__ in introducing stand-up comedy to a much wider audience, enabling people who had never seen a live show to enjoy this unique form of entertainment. These days, it’s common for performers to have their act filmed and __5__ on video streaming services. And while stand-up comedy, like jazz and rock music, is primarily an American art form, other countries and cultures have warmly embraced it. 我們大多數人都認識某個擅長講笑話的人。然而，要成為一名成功的單口喜劇演員，需要非凡的才能。這些人站在只有一支麥克風的舞臺上，卯足全力地想從觀眾席中得到愈多笑聲愈好。 在美國和英國等國家，頂尖的單口喜劇演員也都是名聲非常響亮的名人。大多數人的表演專注於特定類型的喜劇。最常見的喜劇之一是觀察型喜劇，其中的笑話是關於日常生活的各個層面。另一種是開政治人物玩笑的政治諷刺。 單口喜劇的早期版本可以追溯到十九世紀。然而，現今人們熟悉的風格──一個人站在觀眾面前講笑話──在1930年代開始漸受歡迎。在1970年代和1980年代，像笑匠工廠和喜劇酒窖這樣的特殊喜劇俱樂部開始在城市中出現。 然而，早在1960年代，單口喜劇演員就經常在深夜的電視脫口秀節目（如《今夜秀》）中表演。這一發展在把單口喜劇介紹給更廣泛的觀眾上很有影響力，能讓從未看過現場表演的人享受這種獨特的娛樂形式。 　如今，表演者通常會錄下他們的表演，並發表在影音串流服務上。雖然單口喜劇像爵士樂和搖滾樂一樣，主要是美國的一種藝術形式，但其他國家和文化已經熱情地接受了它。 What Did You Learn? 1. (A) tears (B) laughs (C) signs (D) frowns 2. (A) when (B) how (C) why (D) where 3. (A) building confidence (B) causing offense (C)

By Angus Bain

IN THE NEWS 時事英語

網球天王費德勒（Roger Federer）於上週四（15日）宣布引退，為長達二十四年的職業生涯畫下了句點。回顧過去，他曾經贏得二十個大滿貫冠軍，與對手喬克維奇、納達爾合稱「網壇三巨頭」，如今這名年屆四十一歲的傳奇即將引退，令許多球迷感到不捨。今天就讓我們從他的引退宣言，來學TOEIC測驗的常考英文吧！ acknowledge 認可、承認 費德勒在Twitter上發聲明宣布退休，其中一段這樣感謝他的團隊： I really want to thank and acknowledge my amazing team. . . who have given me the best advice and have always been there for me. （我真的想要感謝和認可我優秀的團隊…，你們給予我最棒的建議，且一直陪伴著我。） acknowledge解釋為「認可」，單字來自於knowledge「知識」，字首「ac-」有「朝向某方向」的意思，代表come to understand or recognize 的意思，因此就是「認可、承認」。 acknowledge 後面加上動名詞，表達「承認做了」某件事情。動詞後面加上動名詞表達已經做了某件事情，其他常見動詞還有forget。forget 後方加上to V 則表達忘記做某件事情。 She acknowledged having been at fault.（她承認自己有做錯。） She forgot turning on the TV.（她忘記已經開了電視。） She forgot to turn on the TV.（她忘記要開電視了。） acknowledge + that acknowledge 加上 that 名詞子句的用法，則代表「承認」某件事情。 She acknowledged that she had been at fault.（她承認自己有過錯。） All I want is some acknowledgment that his behavior is unreasonable. （我只要你們承認他的行為是無理取鬧就好。） 名詞變化acknowledgment 則是去掉 e 並在字尾加上「-ment 」。 We sent her a copy of the book in acknowledgment of her part in its creation. （我們寄給她一本書，以感謝她為這本書的問世所做的貢獻。） 片語in acknowledgement of代表「認可某件事情」，除了動詞加上受詞的用法，也可以採用名詞變化。若用動詞改寫則是We sent her a copy of the book to acknowledge her part in its creation. loyal 忠誠的、royal 皇室的 I want to thank my loyal sponsors, who are really like partners to me; and the hard-working teams and tournaments on the ATP Tour. (我想要感謝忠誠的贊助商，你們真的就像是我的夥伴，以及ATP 巡迴賽事中勤奮不懈的團隊。） loyal sponsors 解釋為「忠誠的贊助商」。loyal (a) 是「忠誠的」，注意不要和 royal「皇室的」搞混。名詞變化是在字尾加上「-ty」成為loyalty，是常見的名詞字尾變化，其他相同用法還有certain、certainty「確認、絕對」；cruel、cruelty「殘酷」、honest、honesty「誠實」。 Jack has been a loyal worker in this company for almost 50 years. （傑克是這間公司忠誠的員工，已經工作了快五十年了。） 若要表達對某人忠誠，則可使用介系詞to 加上忠誠的對象。 He’s very loyal to his friends.（他對朋友非常忠誠。） sponsor 贊助 sponsor (v) 是「贊助」的意思，當名詞時則解釋為「贊助商」，屬於動詞／名詞同型的單字。 The team is sponsored by JVC, so the players wear the letters JVC on their shirts. （該隊是由JVC公司所贊助，所以隊員們的襯衫上都有JVC的字母。） I have over 50 sponsors for next week’s race.（我下周的比賽有超過五十個贊助商。） 另外一個名詞變化sponsorship則是較抽象的概念，指的是「贊助的行為或狀態」，例如brands sponsorship of sports events（體育賽事的品牌贊助）。另外也有「贊助費」的意思，in 加上sponsorship 則表達「從…得到贊助費」。 The orchestra receives ￡2 million a year in sponsorship from companies. （該樂團每年從這些公司獲得兩百萬英鎊的贊助費。） 【多益模擬試題】 1. The guest speaker highlighted some ideas for ________ introducing change in the workplace. (A) success (B) succeed (C) succeeding (D) successfully 2. Conference participants interested in industrial development should ________ schedule a visit to Bridgeville’s factories. (A) practically (B) definitely (C) recently (D) fortunately 3. The gift shop in the hotel lobby specializes in handcrafted gift items, each one of them unique and ________. (A) memory (B) memorize (C) memories (D) memorable 【解析】 1. 正解為(D)。語意為「這名客座演講者標明了一些要成功引進職場變革的想法。」本題要考副詞修飾動詞的文法，動詞introduce前面要加上副詞，表達「成功引進」的概念，故(D) successfully為正確答案。 2. 正解為(B)。語意為「對工業發展感興趣的與會者，一定要安排參觀 Bridgeville工廠。」本題是文法題，答案要選副詞，修飾後面動詞 schedule，(A)幾乎，(C)最近，(D)很幸運地。definitely schedule「絕對要 安排」符合句意，故(B)為正確答案。 3. 正解為(D)。語意為「位於飯店大廳的禮品店專賣手工品，每個都很獨特和令人難忘。」本題要考對等連接詞and的用法，空格前後接的詞彙必須詞性相同，因為unique為形容詞，後方也要搭配形容詞，故(D)「難忘的」為正確答案。 SOURCE: https://www.englishok.com.tw/toeic/toeic-issue/roger-federer-retire

BY Buffy Kao

GO! ENGLISH 英語趴趴夠

This is a language center’s announcement about the results of an English test. 這是某語言中心英文測驗結果的公告。 In the English test last week, 10 students scored 90 or higher. Most students scored between 60 and 89 this time. Only 5 students failed the test. So they need to take it again next week! 必備單字 1. fail v. n. 失敗、不及格 （國中基本1200字） 2. score v. 得分、得勝 n. 分數、成績 （國中挑戰800字） 實用字詞 1. between A and B 在A和B之間 2. fail the test 考試不及格 閱讀技巧： 將長句分成短字詞，以利閱讀 In the English test／last week,／10 students／scored 90 or higher. 關於英文考試／上週的，／十位學生／得分90以上。 斷句練習： So they need to take it again next week! 解答： 動手做做看：將長句分成短字詞 So they need to／take it again／next week ! 所以他們需要／重考一次／下週！ 考題練習： TOEIC Bridge測驗 X 國中會考題型 1. When was the English test? (A) Last month (B) Last week (C) Yesterday 2. How many students scored 90 and above? (A) 5 (B) 10 (C) 30 3. How many students need to take the test again? (A) 5 (B) 10 (C) 30. 解答: 1. (B) 2. (B) 3. (A) 文章由 English OK 授權使用: www.englishok.com.tw

編 審: 致理科技大學教授 陳超明

SPEAK UP ! 雙語會話

Hsinchu post office launches drone delivery (2/2) 新竹郵局無人機起飛（二）

A: Chunghwa Post is using drones to deliver parcels. This should save loads of time. B: Delivering a parcel from Jianshih Township Office to Smangus normally takes 100 minutes by road. A drone can do it in just 45. A: That’s super convenient! B: With drones becoming more common, the government has amended the Civil Aviation Act to require large drones to be registered. A: How many drones have been registered to date? B: Nearly 80,000 in Taiwan, since the act was amended 2 years ago. A: 郵局用無人機來送貨，應該能節省不少時間。 B: 從尖石鄉公所送貨到新光部落，原本一百分鐘的車程，無人機只需要四十五分鐘。 A: 真的超方便耶！ B: 不過無人機越來越多，政府特別修改《民用航空法》，所有大型無人機都要註冊管理。 A: 有很多無人機註冊嗎？ B: 修法兩年以來，台灣已經有將近八萬架註冊囉。 （Translated by Edward Jones, Taipei Times／台北時報張聖恩）

SPEAK UP ! 雙語會話

A: Wow, look at that drone in the sky! B: Drones have become increasingly common in recent years. Walmart, Amazon and other companies have all begun promoting drone delivery services. A: Chunghwa Post is also providing this service. B: Really? A: Currently, Hsinchu County’s Jianshih Township post office is trialing parcel delivery to remote villages by unmanned aerial vehicles. B: That’s fantastic. It will make it much more convenient to post things to mountainous areas. A: 哇你看，天空中有一架無人機！ B: 這幾年無人機好像越來越普遍，沃爾瑪、亞馬遜等公司，都開始推出了無人機送貨服務。 A: 其實中華郵政也有這項服務唷。 B: 真的嗎？ A: 新竹縣尖石鄉的郵局，正在試辦無人機偏鄉物流運送。 B: 太棒了，以後寄東西到山區就方便多啦。 （Translated by Edward Jones, Taipei Times／台北時報張聖恩）

ENGLISH DIGEST 實用英語

Teams of scientists around the world have recently demonstrated the viability of airborne and waterborne DNA collection. The methods, which permit the analysis of large samples of soil, air or water for genetic material, rely on the concept of environmental DNA. This “eDNA” is found in the innumerable particles of biological matter that creatures shed as they go about their lives. While these tiny scraps are invisible to the naked eye, eDNA tests can reveal a wealth of information to researchers. For example, wildlife managers in the Susquehanna River system in Pennsylvania, US detected Didymosphenia geminata DNA through eDNA testing. This slimy species of algae, often called by the disgusting but apt name of “rock snot,” disrupts ecosystems to which it is introduced. However, because scientists caught it early, the rock snot was contained to just one area of the river instead of spreading and leading to a wide-ranging ecological breakdown. In another usage of eDNA testing, researchers from the Hong Kong University Conservation Forensics laboratory tested eDNA collection and analysis methods at a seafood market. They pulled water samples from the drainage systems and identified 144 species, three of which were protected at an international level. While vendors may not have wished to answer questions from law enforcement about their wares, the eDNA from their stalls told the university forensics team everything they needed to know. Though it seems like science fiction that a test of the air or water in an environment could tell us so much, it’s a widely applicable tool. Even better, the more commonplace this tool becomes, the more uses scientists will find for it! 世界各地的科學家團隊最近證明了採集在空氣與水流中的DNA的可行性。這些方法仰賴於環境DNA的概念，能夠分析大量土壤、空氣或水中遺傳物質的樣本。 當生物持續存活，這種「環境DNA」就能在牠們脫落的無數生物物質微粒中被發現。雖然這些微小的碎屑肉眼無法看見，但環境DNA檢測能夠向研究人員揭露大量資訊。 舉例來說，美國賓州薩斯奎哈納河流域的野生生物管理員透過環境DNA檢測偵測到雙生雙楔藻的DNA。這種黏糊糊的藻類，通常被以「岩鼻涕」這種噁心但貼切的名字稱呼，它會破壞它所被引進的生態系統。然而，由於科學家們很早就注意到它，岩鼻涕因此僅被控制在河流的其中一個區域而沒有擴散並導致廣泛性的生態系統崩壞。 在環境DNA檢測的另一種用途中，香港大學鑑識保育實驗室的研究人員在海鮮市場測試了環境DNA的採集與分析方法。他們從汙水系統中抽取水中樣本並鑑定出一百四十四種物種，其中三種為受到國際等級保護的物種。雖然攤商可能不想回答執法人員詢問關於他們貨品的問題，但他們攤位上的環境DNA告訴了大學的鑑識團隊他們需要知道的一切。 儘管一項環境中空氣或水域的檢測就可以告訴我們這麼多東西看似科幻小說，但它已是一種能被廣泛應用的技術。更棒的是，這項技術變得越普遍，科學家就會找到越多的用途！ MORE INFORMATION viability n. 可行性 airborne adj. 在空氣中（傳播）的 waterborne adj. 在水中（傳播）的 go about 從事；做 slimy adj. 黏糊糊的 algae n. pl. 藻類 contain vt. 遏止（有害之物擴散） forensics n. 鑑識技術；法醫鑑定 drainage n.

By《空中美語》編輯群

What to know about ‘buy now, pay later’ 「先買後付」（BNPL）是什麼？

Since the start of the pandemic, the option to “buy now, pay later’” has skyrocketed in popularity, especially among young and low-income consumers who may not have ready access to traditional credit. If you shop online for clothes or furniture, sneakers or concert tickets, you’ve seen the option at checkout to break the cost into smaller installments over time. Companies like Afterpay, Affirm, Klarna, and Paypal all offer the service, with Apple due to enter the market later this year. But with economic instability rising, so are delinquencies. Here is what you should know: HOW DOES BUY NOW, PAY LATER WORK? Branded as “interest-free loans,” buy now, pay later services require you to download an app, link a bank account or debit or credit card, and sign up to pay in weekly or monthly installments. Scheduled payments are then automatically deducted from your account or charged to your card. The services generally don’t charge you more than you would have paid up front, meaning there’s technically no interest, so long as you make the payments on time. But if you pay late, you may be subject to a flat fee or a fee calculated as a percentage of the total you owe. If you miss multiple payments, you may be shut out from using the service in the future, and the delinquency could hurt your credit score. ARE MY PURCHASES PROTECTED? In the US, buy now, pay later services are not currently covered by the Truth in Lending Act, which regulates credit cards and other types of loans (those paid back in more than four installments). That means you could find it more difficult to settle disputes with merchants, return items, or get your money back in cases of fraud. Companies can offer protections, but they don’t have to. WHY DO RETAILERS OFFER BUY NOW, PAY LATER?