Uganda’s mountain gorilla population has grown to 400, up from 302 in 2006, according to a census conducted last year, bringing the total number of mountain gorillas in Africa to 880 and giving hope to conservationists trying to save the critically endangered species.
Uganda is now home to nearly half of the world’s mountain gorillas remaining in the wild, a source of confidence for a country that has come to depend heavily on the popular apes for substantial tourism revenues. The rest of the surviving mountain gorillas — of the subspecies Gorilla beringei beringei — are found in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DR Congo) and Rwanda.
“The increase in the population of mountain gorillas in Bwindi Impenetrable National Park is testimony to the sound natural resource management policies that are being implemented in the protected areas,” Uganda’s Ministry of Tourism said in a statement received on Friday. “This result confirms beyond reasonable doubt that Uganda’s conservation efforts are paying off.”
Bwindi Impenetrable National Park, a network of forested jungle deep in the country’s southwestern frontier, is recognized by UNESCO as a heritage site of world value. A permit to track gorillas there costs at least US$500 and the World Wildlife Fund estimates that each gorilla brings in up to US$1 million in revenue each year for the East African country.
Last year’s census shows a stunning recovery for a species that once faced a real threat of extinction. Mountain gorillas in the wild still face threats ranging from habitat loss to poaching, especially in the DR Congo, where lawlessness in the country’s vast eastern territory has allowed illegal hunters to prosper. Mountain gorillas are also hunted for their meat in the DR Congo, according to the World Wildlife Fund.
Even a common cold can kill a mountain gorilla, as the species is particularly vulnerable to respiratory diseases usually associated with humans. The conservation group Gorilla Doctors said the population growth was partly due to “extreme conservation” methods such as daily ranger monitoring in the forest. Ugandan wildlife officials have been able to build successful partnerships with local communities in part by pouring some of its revenue into local projects, converting previously hostile local groups into advocates for the gorillas’ survival.
“The mountain gorilla is the only non-human great ape that is actually growing in numbers,” Mike Cranfield of Gorilla Doctors said. “The growth of the mountain gorilla population can be attributed to the intensive conservation and collaboration between multiple conservation groups and government authorities.”
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