1. 我記得上個月見過他。
ˇ I remember that I met him last month.
χ I remember that I ever met him last month.
Photo: AdobeStock 照片:AdobeStock
註:ever 表示「曾經」,但不能用在肯定直述句中,只用在疑問句、否定句中,或與最高級連用,強調語氣。例如:
Have you ever been to Green Island?
Nothing ever happens in this sleepy town.
Photo: AdobeStock 照片:AdobeStock
This is the worst book I have ever read.
>2. 他母親去世已久。
His mother has been dead for many years.
His mother died long ago.
χ His mother has been dead long ago.
註:ago 表示「從現在算起若干時間以前」,而不是指從過去某一時刻到現在的一段時間,例如:an hour ago, a few years ago, long ago 等。凡有 ago 的時間副詞只能與過去時態連用。
3. 我三天前就把那本書借給他了。
ˇ I lent him the book three days ago.
χ I lent him the book three days before.
註:同上例,表示「從現在算起若干時間以前」,應用 ago。只說「以前」,也可以用 before。例如:
I have never seen it before.
I never saw it before.
4. 她兩小時前離開的。
ˇ She left here two hours ago.
χ She left here before two hours.
註:before 作介詞時,與表示一個時刻、日期或年代的詞或詞組連用,例如:before 5 o’clock, the day before yesterday, before 1949,而不能與表示一段時間的詞連用。
5. 我好愛你,真的。
ˇ I love you dearly, true and sincerely.
ˇ I love you very much, true and sincerely.
χ I very love you, true and sincerely.
註:very 不能直接修飾動詞,用以修飾動詞表示程度的副詞是 very much。另 “I love you dearly, true and sincerely” 的出處是 Paul Barnes 於 1902 年創作的流行歌。
Exercises
A. 他弟弟去世己久。
His younger brother __________ long ago.
1. has died 2. has been dead
3. died 4. dies
B. 他半小時前完成報告。
He finished the report __________.
1. before three hours 2. three hours ago.
3. before three hours ago. 4. since three hours.
Answers: A. 3 B. 2
文章由書林出版公司提供:
www.bookman.com.tw
蘇正隆 — 台灣翻譯學學會前理事長、師大翻譯研究所兼任副教授; 編著《走讀自然.花言樹語》,《英語的對與錯》,《世紀病毒:必讀防疫英文知識與詞彙》...等。國家教育研究院中英雙語詞彙審議委員;研究領域為翻譯、術語及詞典編譯,從事植物與人文導覽數十年,亦曾應邀遠赴國外大學做植物人文導覽。
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