1. 在美國南方，種族歧視比北方更為明顯。
ˇ Racial discrimination in the South of the US is more marked than in the North.
ˇ Racial discrimination is more marked in the southern part of the US than in the North.
Photo: Adobe Stock l 圖片:Adobe Stock
χ In south in the US racial discrimination is more marked than in north.
註︰east、west、north、south 指一國的區域時，第一個字母須大寫，前面加 the，如上例。當指方位時，就不必大寫。例如：
The sun rises in the east.
Photo: Adobe Stock l 圖片:Adobe Stock
至於 The swallows fly south. 和 Our dormitory faces east. 中的 south、east 是副詞，所以沒有冠詞。
2. 「為民服務」成為歷來最流行的口號。
ˇ “To serve the people” became one of the most popular slogans of all time.
χ “To serve people” became one of the most popular slogans of all time.
註︰people 不加定冠詞 the 時，作「人們」解，the people 指「人民」。
3. 葛斯勒兩兄弟是用功的學生。
ˇ The Gessler brothers were two diligent students.
χ Gessler brothers were two diligent students.
註︰某氏兄弟、姊妹，或某一家人的總稱，在姓氏前都要加定冠詞，如 the Smith sisters、the Johnsons。
4. 德國人是勤勞的民族。
ˇ The German people are industrious.
χ German people are industrious.
註︰在表示某國人民的詞前面要加定冠詞，如 the Korean people、the Japanese people、the American people 等。
5. 大多數學生都考完了試。
ˇ Most of the students have finished the exam.
χ Most of students have finished the exam.
註︰這裏的 students 前面必須加定冠詞，表示限定在這一範圍內的學生們。*few of students、*all of questions、*many of teachers 等都應改作 few of the students、all of the question、many of the teachers。但是 thousands of apples 中沒有 the，這裏 thousands of 相當於形容詞。再比較 most students、few students、all the questions、many teachers of the school。
Exercises
A. 船正向北航行 __________。
The ship is sailing __________.
1. north 2. by north 3. northern 4. the North
B. __________ 美國人是富於拓荒精神的民族。
__________ American people have a pioneering spirit.
1. An 2. X 3. The 4. A
Answers: A. 1 B. 3
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www.bookman.com.tw
蘇正隆 — 台灣翻譯學學會前理事長、師大翻譯研究所兼任副教授; 編著《走讀自然.花言樹語》，《英語的對與錯》，《世紀病毒：必讀防疫英文知識與詞彙》...等。國家教育研究院中英雙語詞彙審議委員；研究領域為翻譯、術語及詞典編譯，從事植物與人文導覽數十年，亦曾應邀遠赴國外大學做植物人文導覽。
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