Ironically in a country known for skimpy bikinis that reveal more than they cover, Rio de Janeiro has balked for the past nine years at allowing a nude beach, but that is now changing.
The city is "as famous for its natural beauty as it is for Carnival reveling with televised samba parades and belles in their olympic nakedness," said one Brazilian judge.
And with these words last month, he dismissed a 1994 ban on nudism at a beach called Abrico, ruling that arguments of immorality did not apply to well-behaved naked sunbathers on the outskirts of merry Rio.
On a recent sunny weekend after the lifting of the ban, dozens of nudists filled Abrico beach, the city's only nude beach which sits on a secluded strip of sand between the mountains and next to surfers' favorite spot of Grumari.
One man stood on a rock, talking on a mobile phone that made his ear the only covered part of his body. Others played volleyball or jumped in the waves.
Some swimsuit-clad bathers walked rather sheepishly along the shore, past a sign saying: "Beyond this point you may find naked people."
Victorious organizers didn't mind the onlookers.
"The curious today are followers tomorrow," said Pedro Ribeiro, president of the Abrico Naturist Association.
Mecca for visitors
Abrico is one of very few nudist beaches in an urban area in Brazil and the only one in the international tourist mecca that is Rio.
The drive to lift the ban was motivated in part by nudists' arguments that foreign tourists, especially from Europe, would flock to Rio if they had a place where they could bare all.
"We just reopened and we already have foreigners from Germany, Spain and the US, and people are asking for the address," Ribeiro said.
Brazil, with its nearly 8,000km of mostly beautiful sandy coast has about 20 nudist beaches or colonies. In Spain there are 400, according to court documents. France, a much smaller country, has five million nudists, compared with Brazil's 500,000.
Elias Alves Pereira, president of Brazil's National Federation of Naturists, says that the number of nudists has doubled in the past three years and is convinced that the growth will continue.
Brazil is also way ahead of fellow Latin American nations Argentina and Mexico, with less than 10,000 nudists each.
Although Latin American countries are viewed as puritanical in many ways, Rio's nudists say the problem they had been fighting all those years was neither public opinion nor the country's habits, but just one person.
Abrico beach was officially opened to nudists in 1994 under the mayor who is again at the city's helm. But lawyer Jorge de Oliveira Beja filed a court challenge alleging that Brazilian culture was not accustomed to "immoral" nudism in public places and won an injunction closing the beach.
Not for arousal
Despite the recent lifting of the ban, uncertainty still hangs over otherwise sunny Abrico. Ribeiro said Beja would likely challenge the ruling in a higher court.
Despite Beja's objections, nudists insist Abrico will remain a wholesome spot. "The beach is not for those who are looking to get sexually aroused, although it may happen ... In such cases people are supposed to get dressed or go for a splash to calm down, or members of the association ask them to do so or to leave," Ribeiro said.
Organizers sometimes have to talk sense into the curious when they go too far in staring at nude bathers.
"As for love games, a wee kiss or a hug is OK, but we try to restrain such things from going further as without clothes there is so little left to the real thing," Ribeiro added.
To the international philosophy of nudism that consists in unity between naked body and nature, Brazilian nudists add local flavor, arguing that native Indians met the arriving Portuguese in the nude 500 years ago.
Another pro-nudism argument in poverty-stricken Brazil is that nakedness strips people of their social differences.
"If you are nude, you start asking questions like `Why don't I have the same right for good education if I'm equal to that other nude guy,'" said Ricardo Bezerra, who wore only sunglasses, a yellow cap and golden neck chain.
May 26 to June 1 When the Qing Dynasty first took control over many parts of Taiwan in 1684, it roughly continued the Kingdom of Tungning’s administrative borders (see below), setting up one prefecture and three counties. The actual area of control covered today’s Chiayi, Tainan and Kaohsiung. The administrative center was in Taiwan Prefecture, in today’s Tainan. But as Han settlement expanded and due to rebellions and other international incidents, the administrative units became more complex. By the time Taiwan became a province of the Qing in 1887, there were three prefectures, eleven counties, three subprefectures and one directly-administered prefecture, with
President William Lai (賴清德) yesterday delivered an address marking the first anniversary of his presidency. In the speech, Lai affirmed Taiwan’s global role in technology, trade and security. He announced economic and national security initiatives, and emphasized democratic values and cross-party cooperation. The following is the full text of his speech: Yesterday, outside of Beida Elementary School in New Taipei City’s Sanxia District (三峽), there was a major traffic accident that, sadly, claimed several lives and resulted in multiple injuries. The Executive Yuan immediately formed a task force, and last night I personally visited the victims in hospital. Central government agencies and the
Among Thailand’s Chinese Nationalist Party (KMT) villages, a certain rivalry exists between Arunothai, the largest of these villages, and Mae Salong, which is currently the most prosperous. Historically, the rivalry stems from a split in KMT military factions in the early 1960s, which divided command and opium territories after Chiang Kai-shek (蔣介石) cut off open support in 1961 due to international pressure (see part two, “The KMT opium lords of the Golden Triangle,” on May 20). But today this rivalry manifests as a different kind of split, with Arunothai leading a pro-China faction and Mae Salong staunchly aligned to Taiwan.
As with most of northern Thailand’s Chinese Nationalist Party (KMT) settlements, the village of Arunothai was only given a Thai name once the Thai government began in the 1970s to assert control over the border region and initiate a decades-long process of political integration. The village’s original name, bestowed by its Yunnanese founders when they first settled the valley in the late 1960s, was a Chinese name, Dagudi (大谷地), which literally translates as “a place for threshing rice.” At that time, these village founders did not know how permanent their settlement would be. Most of Arunothai’s first generation were soldiers
RSS