Up to half the food aid intended for the millions of hungry people in Somalia is being diverted to corrupt contractors, radical Islamic militants and local UN workers, a UN Security Council report said.
The report blames the problem on improper food distribution by the World Food Programme (WFP) in the African nation, which has been plagued by fighting and humanitarian suffering for nearly two decades, said a UN diplomat speaking on condition of anonymity because the report has not yet been released. It calls on UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon to authorize an independent investigation of the Rome-based agency’s operation in Somalia.
Because of the instability in Somalia, transporters must truck bags of food through roadblocks manned by a bewildering array of militias, insurgents and bandits. Kidnappings and executions are common and the insecurity makes it difficult for senior UN officials to travel to the country to check on procedures.
Investigators could end up relying on the same people they are probing to provide protection.
The UN diplomat said “a significant diversion” of food delivered by the UN food program is going to cartels that were selling it illegally, according to the report by the panel of experts monitoring UN sanctions against Somalia.
The findings were first reported by the New York Times on Tuesday.
Although WFP contracts are supposed to be subject to open tender and competitive bidding, “in practice the system offers little or no scope for genuine competition,” the diplomat quoted the report as saying.
The transportation contracts, with a budget of US$200 million, constitute the single most important source of revenue in Somalia, the diplomat quoted the report as saying.
“Preliminary investigations by the monitoring group indicate the existence of a de facto cartel characterized by irregular procedures in the awarding of contracts by the WFP Somalia Country Office, discriminatory practices and preferential treatment,” the report was quoted as saying.
“On account of their contracts with WFP, these men have become some of the wealthiest in Somalia,” it was quoted as saying.
About 3.7 million people in Somalia — nearly half of the population — need aid. Earlier this year, the country’s main extremist Islamic group, al-Shabab, said it would stop WFP from distributing food in areas under its control because the food undercuts farmers selling recently harvested crops.
Omar Jamal, first secretary for Somalia’s UN Mission, said on Wednesday that the problem was “the absence of law and order.”
“Radicals, al-Shabab have to eat. And ever wonder where their foods come from? Of course, from WFP and UNDP,” said Jamal, also referring to the UN Development Program. “Empower the Somali government to deal with corrupt contractors, Islamists and war profiteers awash in the country.”
Al-Shabab also accused the agency of handing out food unfit for human consumption and of secretly supporting “apostates,” or those who have renounced Islam.
The report says al-Shabab controls 95 percent of WFP’s areas of operation, the diplomat said.
It said Somalis with WFP contracts are not only diverting aid but sharing in the proceeds.
Approximately 30 percent of the food goes to the distributors or “implementing partners,” between 5 percent and 10 percent goes to the armed group in control of the area and 10 percent to the ground transporter, the diplomat quoted the report as saying.
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