Scientists say there is an “overwhelming lack of evidence” that ingredients in energy drinks, other than caffeine, enhance physical or cognitive performance.
In a new study published in the Nutrition Reviews journal, researchers suggested the main benefit of energy drinks is probably down to a generous dose of caffeine.
Researchers found that while energy drinks often contain ingredients such as taurine, guarana and ginseng, there is an “overwhelming lack of evidence to substantiate claims that these ingredients boost performance”.
Photo: AFP
照片:法新社
In addition to taurine, guarana, and ginseng, energy drinks also often contain glucuronolactone, B-vitamins, and other compounds.
The researchers went through dozens of articles that examined the effects of energy ingredients alone and/or in combination with caffeine, the Daily Mail reported.
Earlier this year, a study found that energy drinks have up to 14 times more caffeine than other soft drinks.
Photo: Reuters
照片:路透
Furthermore, doctors warned that children given energy drinks could pile on the pounds because they are not active enough to burn off the extra calories.
They say energy drinks — which contain between 10 and 270 calories a serving — should never be given to children.
(Liberty Times)
科學家表示,「極度缺乏證據」證明機能飲料裡的成分,除咖啡因外,能提升身體或認知表現。
在一份刊載於《營養綜論》期刊的新研究中,研究人員認為機能飲料的主要好處,可能在於大量的咖啡因。
研究人員發現,儘管機能飲料通常包含諸如牛磺酸、瓜拿納與人參等成分,然而「極度缺乏證據證明這些成分可提升表現之說是有根據的」。
機能飲料通常包含牛磺酸、瓜拿納、人參、葡萄糖醛酸內酯、維他命B群與其他複合物。
《每日郵報》報導,研究人員探究數十篇檢視只有機能成分或結合咖啡因的效能之文章。
今年稍早,一項研究發現機能飲料的咖啡因,比其他不含酒精飲料多達十四倍。
再者,醫師警告,將機能飲料給兒童喝恐增加其體重,因為他們的活動量不足以燃燒額外的熱量。
他們說,每份含有十到兩百七十大卡的機能飲料絕不應給兒童。
(自由時報/翻譯:魏國金)
A: I want to go to Neihu to see the cherry blossoms. B: Do you want to go by YouBike? A: Well, how much does it cost? B: The Taipei City Government just announced that riders can use the bicycles for free for the first 30 minutes! A: Great! Riding bikes is also more eco-friendly than driving. A: 我想去內湖賞櫻花耶。 B: 那要不要騎YouBike微笑單車去? A: 車費怎麼算? B: 台北市政府最近宣布︰前30分鐘免費! A: 太棒了,而且也比開車更環保。 (By Eddy Chang, Taipei Times/台北時報張聖恩)
One of us is a murderer. The terrifying thought fills your head. There’s a corpse in the next room, and one of your fellow diners put it there. As the evening progresses, you learn disturbing secrets about everyone, and you’re forced to confess to a few yourself. You all have motives for the crime, but who committed it? Fortunately, it’s just a game. Murder mystery games are multiplayer role-playing games designed to be played over the course of an evening. The concept likely originated with “wink murder,” an amusing pastime that became popular in the early 1900s. In this game, a “murderer” kills
A: How does Taipei’s YouBike service charge after the free ride for the first 30 minutes? B: It’s NT$10 every 30 minutes within four hours. A: What a bargain. No wonder Taipei is listed by Britain’s “Time Out” magazine as one of the best 50 cities in the world. B: But I spotted a few English mistakes on YouBike’s Web site. A: I guess that aspect of it still has room for improvement. A: 台北市YouBike前30分鐘免費,之後怎麼算? B: 4小時內每30分鐘10元。 A: 真劃算,難怪台北市會入選英國《Time Out》雜誌全球最佳的50座城市。 B: 不過我在YouBike的網站上看到了好幾個英文錯誤。 A: 看來這個部分還有改善的空間。(By Eddy Chang, Taipei Times/ 台北時報張聖恩)
Mullet roe is a highly-priced delicacy typically served during special occasions like wedding banquets or Chinese New Year’s dinners, where families come together in celebration. The mullet roe can be prepared in various ways. It is usually pan-fried but can also be roasted or torched. To cook a pan-fried mullet roe, soak it in liquor or wine and peel off its membrane. Then, it is browned over a low fire and turned several times. Finally, the fried mullet roe is cut diagonally and is ready to be served. This dish is usually served with garlic scapes and daikon slices, but