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Sunday Science: Antibubbles 週日科學: 反泡泡
Welcome to Sunday Science! Every Sunday during the summer, we're going to guide you through some cool experiments that you can do at home. It's a good idea for you to keep a record of what you do in a Science Journal. That way you can record what you learn, compare results and maybe use them to design new experiments! Have a look at the Science Journal box for some ideas to get you started. Remember always ask a grown-up's permission before trying out an experiment.
歡迎閱讀《週日科學版》！在暑假期間，我們每週日都要為你介紹可以在家中進行的有趣科學實驗。你可以在《科學日誌》中記錄自己做了哪些活動，這樣就可以將所學的紀錄下來，比較這些結果，也許還可以利用它們來設計新的實驗！先看一下《科學日誌》的點子再開始吧。展開實驗之前，記得要獲得大人許可喔！
Cat
CONTRIBUTING REPORTER
Sunday, Dec 02, 2007,Page 14
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PHOTO: CATHERINE THOMAS, TAIPEI TIMES
照片: CATHERINE THOMAS
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Everyone knows that bubbles are great fun. But have you ever seen an anti-bubble? This week we're going to show how to create anti-bubbles. This experiment is best done by a well-lit sink. It will be best if you read "What's the Science" before you try the experiment.
What you will need:
A large jar
A bowl
Water
Dish detergent
A chopstick (for stirring)
A pippette (bigger is better), or the pump/chamber from a syringe (get the chemist to remove and dispose of the needle for you). An empty, clean squeezy plastic bottle would work too.
Food coloring (optional)
▲ Fill the jar with cold tap water.
▲ Add several squirts of dish detergent.
▲ Stir the solution gently.
▲ Put some warm water in a bowl and add a couple of squirts of dish detergent. If you are going to use food coloring add a drop now. Stir gently.
▲ Take the pippette and squeeze out as much air as you can.
▲ Place the end of the pippette in the water in the bowl, release your grip and let it fill with water. Put the pippette aside.
▲ Very gently pour a little extra water into the jar. You don't want to make any soap bubbles! The jar should overflow.
▲ Take the pippette and hold it just above the surface of the water in the jar. Gently squeeze the pippette. Keep practicing until you are making little drops of water that skate across the surface.
▲ When you have got the knack of making the skating drops, try following the gentle squeeze which makes a skating drop with a slightly stronger squeeze. This should make the drop go under the surface to make an antibubble. Be patient, making antibubbles takes practice! (catherine Thomas, staff writer)
大家都知道泡泡很好玩，但是你曾看過「反泡泡」嗎？本週我們要教你如何製造「反泡泡」，這個實驗需要一個光線足夠的水槽，而且你最好先看過今天的「科學原理」再開始實驗唷。
所需材料︰
一個大寬口瓶
一個碗
水
洗碗精
一枝筷子（攪拌用）
一支滴管（越大越好）或注射針筒的壓頭和筒身部分（請藥劑師幫你拿掉針頭並加以丟棄）。也可用一個可以擠壓的塑膠空瓶代替。
食用色素（可有可無）
▲ 在瓶中裝滿自來水。
▲ 加入數滴洗碗精。
▲ 輕輕攪拌溶液。
▲ 在碗中裝入一些溫水，加入幾滴洗碗精。若你準備了食用色素，現在可以加入一滴，然後輕輕攪拌。
▲ 拿起滴管，盡可能將滴管中的空氣擠出。
▲ 將滴管尾端放到裝溫水的碗中，將緊握的手鬆開一點，讓滴管吸滿水後，置於一旁備用。
▲ 非常輕柔地再加一些水到瓶中，注意不要讓瓶中產生肥皂泡！讓瓶子的水滿到溢出來。
▲ 拿起滴管，將其尾端置於瓶口的水面上方。輕輕地擠壓空氣頭，多做練習，直到你擠出的小水滴能夠滑過水面。
▲ 當你抓到如何做出滑行水滴的訣竅後，試著稍微用力一點點擠壓滴管，擠出來的水滴應該會沉到水面下，如此就成功做出「反泡泡」囉！要有耐心、多練習才能製作出「反泡泡」！（翻譯：袁星塵）
| WHAT'S THE SCIENCE? 科學原理 |
| A normal bubble is made of liquid around air. There are different types of bubbles. You can have bubbles underwater - with much liquid around some air; or in the air - with a thin film of liquid around some air. An anti-bubble is the opposite. It is made of air around a liquid. There are three types of anti-bubbles. 1. Raindrops are anti-bubbles - drops of water surrounded by air. 2. When rain or drops of water hit a surface they either break, or sometimes on a water or a watery surface they will skate along still in a bubble. This is because there is still a thin film of air surrounding the bubble. 3. Sometimes the skating bubble will get pushed under the water. The bubble will then float around slowly and then gently rise to the top. Once it reaches the top it will normally hang below the surface and finally pop. In our experiment the dish detergent acts as a surfactant, making the anti-bubbles form, and helps them to last longer.
一般泡泡是一層包住空氣的液體薄膜，但泡泡也有不同的種類喔，你可以做出水中的泡泡─大量液體包圍住些許空氣；或是空氣中的泡泡─液體薄膜內部包含些許空氣。
反泡泡剛好相反，它是呈現空氣包圍液體的狀態。反泡泡有三種型態：
1. 雨滴─空氣包圍住的水滴。
2. 當雨或水滴碰觸到表面，就會破滅；但有時接觸到水面或充滿水的表面時，水滴會維持其水泡的狀態在上滑行，這是因為泡泡外仍存在空氣薄膜的關係。
3. 有時滑行在水面上的水泡會受壓沉入水中，水泡會在水中緩慢漂浮，然後輕輕地升到水面，一旦水泡升到接觸水面，通常會在水面下方維持一陣子，終至破滅。
本次實驗中，洗碗精扮演了界面活性劑的角色，讓反泡泡成形，並讓它們維持更久。 |
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| Science Journal 科學日誌 |
| What do you know about bubbles? How can you make a bubble? What is inside a bubble?
你對泡泡了解多少呢？你如何做出泡泡呢？泡泡裡面又有什麼呢？ |
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| Vocabulary 今日單字 |
| 1. well-lit adj.
明亮的 (ming2 liang4 de5)
2. pippette n.
滴管 (di1 guan3)
3. chamber n.
針筒 (zhen1 tong3)
4. syringe n.
注射器 (zhu4 she4 qi4)
5. dispose v.t.
處理 (chu2 li3)
6. squirt n.
噴出的液體 (pen1 chu1 de5 yi4 ti3)
7. squeeze v.t./v.i.
擠壓 (ji3 ya1)
8. grip n.
緊握 (jin3 wo4)
9. overflow v.t.
溢出 (yi4 chu1)
10. skate v.t./v.i.
滑行 (hua2 xing2)
11. knack n.
訣竅 (jue2 qiao4)
12. submerge v.t.
浸入水中 (jin4 ru4 shui3 zhong1)
13. film n.
薄膜 (bo2 mo2)
14. surfactant n.
界面活性劑 (jie4 mian4 huo2 xing4 ji4) |
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| Further ideas 進階點子 |
| You can help an antibubble last longer by gently squiriting it with jets of water by submerging your pippette. Don't squeeze too hard or you'll pop it! Try experimenting with the amount of dish detergent in the two different solutions. Does the experiment work with plain water? How about flat soft drinks?
如果要做出更持久的反泡泡，你可以輕輕將滴管浸入水中再擠出溶液，可別擠壓得太大力，否則瓶中的水會爆出來喔!試著調整加入瓶中和碗中的洗碗精份量，看會有什麼變化。若使用清水，還能做出反泡泡嗎?改用沒了氣的汽水又會如何呢? |
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