Japan is still the world's second-biggest economy as fourth-quarter growth beat expectations and kept the country just ahead of a surging China.
Real GDP grew at an annual pace of 4.6 percent in the October-December period, the government said yesterday. The average forecast of 15 economists polled by The Associated Press was annualized growth of 3.4 percent.
The results indicate that Japan continues to benefit from government stimulus measures around the world, which have bolstered global trade and persuaded Japanese households to boost spending.
GDP, or the total value of the nation's goods and services, has climbed for three straight quarters. The annualized figure corresponds to quarterly growth of 1.1 percent. Japan posted zero growth in the July-September quarter.
Japan's nominal GDP for the 2009 calendar year came to about US$5.1 trillion. China said last month its domestic output totaled US$4.9 trillion.
Government officials said they were encouraged by the latest numbers, particularly since it was the first time in seven quarters for domestic demand to push GDP higher. Consumer spending, which accounts for about 60 percent of the economy, rose 0.7 percent from the previous quarter as shoppers took advantage of incentives on cars and home appliances.
Companies are also gaining confidence and starting to invest in factories and equipment.
Japan may now be strong enough to avoid falling back into recession, Kyodo News quoted Cabinet official Keisuke Tsumura as saying.
Analysts agreed but predicted that consumer demand would decelerate, dragging growth in the months ahead and putting pressure on Japanese Prime Minister Yukio Hatoyama to draw up more stimulus measures.
“Policy benefits will fade in subsequent quarters and deflationary tendencies remain stubborn,” said Tetsufumi Yamakawa, chief Japan economist at Goldman Sachs.
Corporate capital spending climbed 1 percent in the first expansion since January-March 2008. Public investment fell 1.6 percent, while exports jumped 5 percent.
The fourth-quarter figures cap a miserable economic year overall that sent Japan to its steepest recession since World War II. GDP fell a record 5 percent last year, the Cabinet said in a report.
Japan managed to hold on to its spot as the world's No. 2 economy, though analysts expect a quickly growing China to overtake it sometime this year.
But it is precisely the strength of China and other emerging markets in Asia that has lifted Japan from its downturn, helping to offset domestic risks such as deflation and falling wages.
Exports in December rose for the first time since the collapse of Lehman Brothers in late 2008, powering industrial production up 2.2 percent from the previous month.
Other major economies also face uncertainty ahead.
The US economy expanded at an annual rate of 5.7 percent in the fourth quarter, but many analysts predict a slowdown this quarter as double-digit unemployment chills consumer spending.
The 16 countries that use the euro barely grew in the fourth quarter, as a modest recovery stalled amid turmoil in financially troubled members such as Greece and a flat performance from Germany, the biggest euro economy.
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