Ice might seem a tough sell in Harbin, one of China's coldest cities, but it has pulled it off with a spectacular annual festival that for many is far more tempting than a warm beach holiday.
The Ice and Snow Festival, which features hundreds of massive sculptures carved out of ice, has become a huge draw for visitors, turning northern China's often forbidding temperatures into a competitive advantage.
"We've had a few copycats. Other cities in north China have opened ice festivals. But they aren't as favored by geography as we are," said Liu Ruiqiang, president of Harbin Modern Group, a tourism and hotel business.
PHOTO: AFP
The "Harbin Ice and Snow Big World," a theme park featuring dazzlingly lit sculptures of Chinese palaces, Russian churches and French cathedrals, has benefitted from its close proximity to the Songhua River.
"This is much better than I thought it would be. The carvings are really elaborate. I would have expected them to be much cruder," said 23-year-old Harbin Industrial University student Hao Zhifu, one of the visitors.
Early last month, 15,000 workers began cutting ice blocks from the river's frozen surface, and 16 days and 120,000m2 of ice later, the show was ready.
The speed and efficiency reflect the growing professionalism of an annual event that traces its modest beginnings back to the early 1960s, when the city was a bleak, industrial powerbase for communist China.
Now, as the old-style communist economic theories have evaporated and much of the manufacturing has disappeared, the festival reflects the city's efforts to modernize.
In that light, organizers hope it will become an event on a global scale, and it is having success.
In January, when the mercury often creeps below minus 6?C, one would expect those who could afford it to be rushing to the south, but in fact the stream of wealthy visitors is in the opposite direction.
"We've got Koreans, Japanese, Thai, Singaporeans. Especially the Southeast Asians, are fascinated by the snow and the ice. They don't get too much of that where they come from," said Liu, who is also director of the "Big World."
"But our focus will remain on the domestic market. The economy is booming, and so is tourism. And we're offering a choice for the new breed of holiday maker," Liu said.
On average, the festival records about 800,000 visitors every year, 90 percent of them Chinese, making it hard to find a hotel room during the peak season in January.
At the same time, the festival is not cheap by Chinese standards. Entrance into the "Big World," the festival's main attraction, is 150 yuan (US$21).
"The festival is Harbin's way of saying hello to the world," said 22-year-old Zhang Wei, selling instant coffee at 15 yuan a cup inside the "Big World."
"Of course, it's also a way to make money," Zhang said.
Nevertheless, the festival's organizers still find it hard to make money. Liu said he expected 60 million yuan in revenue from "Big World," roughly equal to the cost.
"Basically, we're just breaking even. Some years we even have to shoulder a small loss. But it's OK, we're still in the process of building up a brand," Liu said.
In coming years, he said, he plans to attract new visitors through more intensive advertising on TV and via the Internet.
In another sign that money is ice in Harbin, the "Big World" features exhibits of major international products, including life-sized replicas of Porsches and a giant Coca-Cola bottle.
"I don't mind that people try to make money. They also need to make ends meet," Hao said.
"But I think the advertisements for some of the foreign brands are a bit too much on the commercial side," he said.
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