1. 他的父母要他不要再犯這樣嚴重的錯誤。
ˇ His parents told him not to make such serious mistakes again.
ˇ His parents suggested that he should not make such serious mistakes again.
Photo: Adobe Stock l 圖片:Adobe Stock
ˇ His parents told him that he should not make such serious mistakes again.
χ His parents told him do not make such serious mistakes again.
註︰祈使句變成間接引語，通常用複合受詞表達。試比較下列直接引語和間接引語：
Photo: Adobe Stock l 圖片:Adobe Stock
“Be careful,” he advised.
He advised me to be more careful.
He said to me, “Don’t do this again.”
He told me not to do that again.
“Get it ready,” he ordered us.
He ordered us to get it ready.
在這種句子裏用什麼詞作述詞，要根據所引句子的口氣來決定。在 tell, suggest, order 等後面也可接受詞從屬句。
2. 我問他那漂亮女孩是誰。
ˇ I asked him who that beautiful girl was.
χ I asked him who was that beautiful girl.
註：疑問句變為間接問句，要用原來問句疑問詞引導，其餘部分詞序同陳述句。
例如：I don’t know who the author is. 不能說 *I don’t know who is the author.
3. 他問他們到哪裏去。
ˇ He asked them where they were going.
χ He asked them where were they going.
註：規則同上例，注意這裏 they 與 were 不可對調。
4. 他問她為什麼這麼不開心。
ˇ He asked her why she looked so sad.
χ He asked her that why she looked so sad.
註：疑問句變為間接問句，若已用原來問句疑問詞來引導，不能再用連接詞 that，因為在這種複合句中why, when, where, how 等本身就有連接作用。
He said that he would come tomorrow.
（說話者的時間與敘述者的時間相同。）
He said he would come here.（說話者的地點與敘述者的地點相同。）
5. 我知道學習英語是多麼重要。
ˇ I know how important it is to learn English.
χ I know that how important it is to learn English.
註：規則同上例，注意連接詞 that 不能與 how 並用。
Exercises
A. 他的老師要他不可以再遲到。
His teacher told him__________be late again.
1. that he would not 2. that he should not
3. to not 4. for not to
B. 你知道晚上一個人走過那片森林有多麼恐怖嗎？
Do you know __________to walk through that forest alone at night?
1. that how terrible it is
2. how terrible is it
3. it is how terrible
4. how terrible it is
Answers: A. 2 B. 4
文章由書林出版公司提供：
www.bookman.com.tw
蘇正隆 — 台灣翻譯學學會前理事長、師大翻譯研究所兼任副教授; 編著《走讀自然.花言樹語》，《英語的對與錯》，《世紀病毒：必讀防疫英文知識與詞彙》...等。國家教育研究院中英雙語詞彙審議委員；研究領域為翻譯、術語及詞典編譯，從事植物與人文導覽數十年，亦曾應邀遠赴國外大學做植物人文導覽。
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