中國海關總署突然發布通知，指台灣輸入的釋迦及蓮霧檢出介殼蟲「大洋臀紋粉蚧」，決定暫停輸入。
In September 2021, China’s customs administration announced that it would suspend imports of sweetsop and jambu from Taiwan, citing discoveries of Planococcus minor, a type of mealybug.
蓮霧 (jambu/champoo, Syzygium samarangense) ，又名洋蒲桃，是桃金孃科熱帶水果，原產於印尼和馬來西亞，在星、馬稱作水蓊，中、港、澳稱作天桃。
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蓮霧學名中的種小名 samarangense，係因模式標本採自印尼的Semarang (三寶瓏) 而得名。
蓮霧馬來語稱為 jambu air，第二個字 air讀作 /?a??(r)/，是水的意思，荷蘭人從印尼引進台灣，台語音譯為蓮霧 ian-b?。
以往蓮霧常見譯為 wax apple，聽起來好像素描靜物用的蠟製水果 (Wax Fruit)，曾有人問美國朋友要不要吃蓮霧? Care for a wax apple? 對方回一句：Why not a real one? 近來美國市場流行泰語的講法 champoo。蓮霧果實長得像鈴鐺，因此又稱為 bell-fruit。
Photo: Bookman l 圖片:書林提供
Syzygium samarangense is a tropical fruit in the family Myrtaceae, native to the Greater Sunda Islands and the Malay Peninsula. Common names in English include champoo, jambu, bell fruit, rose apple, Java apple, and wax apple. In Taiwan, the dark red cultivars are nicknamed “Black Pearl” or “Black Diamond.”
The skin of the jambu is quite waxy. When you cut the fruit open, you won’t find a seed-filled core. Instead, the core of a jambu is hollow, with a bit of cottony fluff.
Jambus are eaten skin and all (帶皮吃). The texture is somewhere between a watermelon and an apple, as is the taste.
釋迦 (Annona squamosa) 英文叫 sweetsop 或 sugar apple，原產於熱帶美洲，16 世紀航行於中國、菲律賓與墨西哥之間的西班牙船隊 Manila galleons 引入亞洲，傳到中國，因果皮似荔枝般有粒狀突起，故稱為「番荔枝」。
Sweetsop/sugar apple is native to the tropical regions of the Americas and the West Indies. Spanish traders on Manila galleons brought it to Asia.
在台灣，「釋迦」係荷蘭人自印尼引進，因印尼語為 srikaya，發音接近「釋迦雅」，加上果皮有突起鱗目 (a rind composed of knobby segments)，似釋迦牟尼佛頭髻，所以台語稱之為「釋迦」。
鳳梨釋迦英文叫 atemoya，為傳統釋迦與秘魯釋迦之雜交種 (Annona squamosa × Annona cherimola)，1908年於美國佛羅里達州人工雜交育成。
馬來文裡傳統釋迦叫 buah nona，nona 指釋迦類的水果。台灣改良的鳳梨釋迦品質超好，因此馬來西亞的果販特別幫它取個響亮的英文名字 Formosa nona 來行銷。
The atemoya is a hybrid of cherimoya (Annona cherimola) and the sweetsop (Annona squamosa), both of which are native to the American tropics. Hybridization was performed by P. J. Webster in Florida in 1908.
Taiwan-grown atemoya is of the highest quality — creamy and juicy. In Malaysia, vendors give it a catchy market name, “Formosa nona,” to attract customers.
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www.bookman.com.tw
蘇正隆 — 台灣翻譯學學會前理事長、師大翻譯研究所兼任副教授; 編著《走讀自然.花言樹語》，《英語的對與錯》，《世紀病毒：必讀防疫英文知識與詞彙》...等。國家教育研究院中英雙語詞彙審議委員；研究領域為翻譯、術語及詞典編譯，從事植物與人文導覽數十年，亦曾應邀遠赴國外大學做植物人文導覽。
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