A cinema group in Sweden has introduced a controversial new gender bias rating to shine a spotlight on sexism in films, but critics said the move could lead to self-censorship.
To receive the new “A” rating, films must feature at least two named female actors who have a conversation about anything other than a man.
The rating is based on a test made popular in 1985 by the comic strip artist Alison Bechdel. While the so-called Bechdel Test seems easy enough, many blockbusters actually fail to make the grade, including The Lord of the Rings trilogy and the Star Wars films.
Photo: EPA
照片：歐新社
The rating project has the enthusiastic support of the state-owned Swedish Film Institute, which provides funding for virtually every homegrown Swedish movie — and all 23 films released last year.
Nevertheless, the body’s vocal support for the gender bias rating has led critics to complain about state interference in Swedish cultural life.
“It’s naive to think their reaction is not prescriptive. The Swedish Film Institute is a very powerful body in Swedish cinema,” said Jan Holmberg, a film researcher and head of the Ingmar Bergman Foundation.
(Liberty Times)
瑞典一個電影院集團最近引進一項爭議性的偏重女性新評分制度來凸顯影片中的性別歧視；但批評者認為，此舉恐導致電影工作者進行自我審查。
獲得新制A級評等的電影，至少要有兩位有名字的女性角色進行一段除了討論男性以外的對話。
這項評分制度是根據漫畫家艾利森‧貝希朵於一九八五年所提出、並廣為人知的一項測試。儘管這項名為貝希朵測試的評分制度似乎很簡單，但許多熱門電影卻都未能達到標準，包括《魔戒》三部曲及《星際大戰》系列電影在內。
這項評分計畫受到國營瑞典電影學院的熱烈支持，該學院提供資金給幾乎所有的瑞典國產電影，去年上映的二十三部片就全數獲得該學院資助。
但電影學院大力支持偏重女性評分制度，也引起批評者抱怨國家干涉瑞典的文化生活。
電影研究者及伯格曼基金會主席揚‧荷姆伯格表示：「若以為他們的反應不會造成限制性的後果，那他們就太天真了。瑞典電影學院在瑞典電影界勢力是非常龐大的。」
（自由時報／翻譯：俞智敏）
Many consumers are guilty of filling drawers or closets with old laptops, cellphones, fitness trackers and other electronic devices once they are no longer needed. It’s hard to know where to recycle such items, or it seems costly and inconvenient to do so. The world generates millions of tons of electronic waste — also called e-waste — each year. According to the UN’s most recent estimate, people worldwide produced 62 million metric tons of e-waste in 2022, and only about 22 percent of it was properly recycled. The US’ Environmental Protection Agency estimates that less than a quarter of e-waste is
You’re sitting in class when a classmate asks to borrow a pencil. It seems like a small favor, so you agree without hesitation. The following week, the same classmate asks to share your notes. Later, they request help with a group project. You agree each time — after all, you helped out the first time — but before you know it, it has become automatic. This scenario demonstrates the “foot-in-the-door technique,” a psychological concept that shows how agreeing to small, acceptable demands makes it easier to accept larger ones later on. The name for this strategy comes from door-to-door
A: The four-day Tomb Sweeping Day long weekend begins Friday and will run until Monday. Are you going to sweep your ancestors’ tombs? B: I did in advance last weekend, so I can go to Kaohsiung to see the musical “The Phantom of the Opera.” A: Wow, is “Phantom” touring Taiwan again? It debuted in 1986, so this year marks the 40th anniversary of the show. B: And it’s not just touring Kaohsiung starting March 31, but also Taipei starting April 21 and Taichung starting May 26. A: “Phantom” is one of the world’s Four Major Musicals. I’ve seen all of them, except “Les
對話 Dialogue 清清：這禮拜又有連假了，這次一共放四天。 Qīngqing: Zhè lǐbài yòu yǒu liánjià le, zhè cì yígòng fàng sì tiān. 華華：你是要過兒童節還是清明節？ Huáhua: Nǐ shì yào guò Értóng jié háishì Qīngmíng jié? 清清：都要過啊！不管幾歲，都要有童心，才能永遠都年輕，知道嗎？ Qīngqing: Dōu yào guò a! Bùguǎn jǐ suì, dōu yào yǒu tóngxīn, cái néng yǒngyuǎn dōu niánqīng, zhīdào ma? 華華：好啦！能當個長不大的孩子也好，就不會有那麼多煩惱了。 Huáhua: Hǎo la! Néng dāng ge zhǎngbúdà de háizi yě hǎo, jiù bú huì yǒu nàme duō fánnǎo le. 清清：還好春天有這兩個節假日，常常可以變成連假休息一下。 Qīngqing: Háihǎo chūntiān yǒu zhè liǎng ge jiéjiàrì, chángcháng kěyǐ biànchéng liánjià xiūxi yíxià. 華華：對啊！上禮拜我已經先跟家人去掃墓了，就怕清明節當天人太多。 Huáhua: Duì a! Shàng lǐbài wǒ yǐjīng xiān gēn jiārén qù sǎomù le, jiù pà Qīngmíng jié dāngtiān rén tài duō. 清清：親人雖然過世了，但有清明節掃墓的習俗，讓我們在不同的世界還是能「聚」一下、說說話，真的很有意義。 Qīngqing: Qīnrén suīrán guòshì le, dàn yǒu Qīngmíng jié
RSS