Twenty million people in war-torn Yemen are hungry — a staggering 70 percent of the population and a 15 percent increase from last year — and for the first time, 250,000 are facing “catastrophe,” UN Undersecretary-General for Humanitarian Affairs Mark Lowcock said on Monday.
Lowcock, who has just returned from Yemen, told reporters there has been “a significant, dramatic deterioration” of the humanitarian situation in the country.
He said that for the first time, 250,000 Yemenis are in Phase 5 on the global scale for classifying the severity and magnitude of food insecurity and malnutrition — the severest level, defined as people facing “starvation, death and destitution.”
Lowcock said those 250,000 Yemenis facing “catastrophe” are overwhelmingly concentrated in four provinces “where the conflict is raging quite intensely” — Taiz, Saada, Hajja and Hodeida.
The only other nation where anyone is in Phase 5 is South Sudan, with 25,000 people affected, he said.
Lowcock said there are also nearly 5 million Yemenis in Phase 4, which is defined as the “emergency” level, in which people suffer from severe hunger and “very high acute malnutrition and excess mortality” or an extreme loss of income that will lead to severe food shortages.
He said these people live in 152 of Yemen’s 333 districts, a sharp increase from 107 districts last year.
Large numbers of people “have moved into a worse category of food insecurity” as a result of the war, he said.
The conflict in Yemen began with the 2014 takeover of the capital by Iranian-backed Houthi rebels, who toppled the government of Abed Rabbo Mansour Hadi.
A Saudi-led coalition allied with Yemen’s internationally recognized government has been fighting the Houthis since 2015.
Saudi-led airstrikes have hit schools, hospitals and wedding parties, and killed thousands of Yemeni civilians. The Houthis have fired long-range missiles into Saudi Arabia and targeted vessels in the Red Sea.
Civilians have borne the brunt of the conflict, which has killed more than 10,000 people and created the world’s worst humanitarian crisis.
“There’s millions of Yemenis who are hungry and sick and scared and desperate and starving, but they’ve all got one message and their message is that they’re at the end of their tether and they want this war to stop,” Lowcock said.
“There are millions and millions of people whose plight would be much, much worst but for the ongoing relief operation,” which is currently reaching 8 million Yemenis, he said.
Lowcock said the UN plans to reach 15 million people next year and would be appealing for US$4 billion — compared with this year’s US$3 billion appeal and last year’s US$2 billion request.
UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres is to host a pledging conference with Sweden and Switzerland in Geneva on Feb. 26, Lowcock said.
He also welcomed a new US$500 million pledge from Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates, key coalition members, saying he understands “it will be largely in response to the 2019 appeal.”
Lowcock stressed five key things needed to bring the situation under control:
First is a cessation of hostilities, especially around the key port of Hodeida, the “lifeline” where 70 percent of food aid and imports are shipped in.
“The vast majority of population who are in Houthi-controlled areas can basically be reached most easily and in some cases only through Hodeida,” he said.
Second is reducing restrictions on aid organizations and fuel imports that are vitally needed, he said, citing reports that the coalition agreed that 17 vessels could come into port and said the UN is checking to see if that means fuel would be delivered to Hodeida.
Third is stabilizing the economy, which has seen “a dramatic collapse” because of the war, he said.
Government revenue is probably about 15 percent of its pre-war levels and billions of US dollars would be needed next year just to finance the budget, he said.
Fourth is supporting the UN humanitarian appeal for US$4 billion for next year, he said.
And fifth is taking the first steps to end the war at UN-mediated talks taking place in Sweden between the government and the Houthis, Lowcock said.
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