Sun, Feb 23, 2020 page3

• Virus Outbreak: COVID-19 likely synthetic: Researchers say

  ESCAPED? Given China’s poor track record with lab safety management, the virus is likely to have escaped from a facility, public health researcher Fang Chi-tai cited the opinions of other researchers as saying

  • By William Hetherington / Staff writer, with CNA
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  Humans likely synthesized COVID-19, although more studies are needed to be certain, National Taiwan University (NTU) public health researcher Fang Chi-tai (方啟泰) said yesterday as he cited the opinions of other researchers.

  During his presentation at a disease-prevention education seminar held at NTU by the Taiwan Public Health Association — which invited several public health study professors and researchers to give presentations that were also broadcast live via Facebook — Fang addressed numerous hypotheses that have been raised by foreign researchers, including the possibility that the virus was leaked from the Wuhan Institute of Virology.

  He has heard of many US and Europe-based researchers who are asserting that the virus was inextricably linked to the institute, Fang said, adding this assertion was highly possible as the facility’s biosafety level 4 laboratory houses samples of SARS, Ebola and other deadly viruses.

  

  The ultrastructural morphology of COVID-19 is pictured in an illustration released by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta, Georgia, on Jan. 29.

  Photo: Alissa Eckert, MS; Dan Higgins, MAM/CDC/Handout via Reuters

  Given China’s poor track record with lab safety management and overall lab culture, it is highly likely that a virus escaped from the facility, he cited the opinions of other researchers as saying.

  Analyses of COVID-19 have shown that is has a 96 percent genetic similarity with an RaTG13 bat virus at the institute, he said.

  While viruses need to be at least 99 percent similar to call them “the same,” it is the differences in particular that have led researchers to speculate that COVID-19 was manufactured by modifying RaTG13, he said.

  A French research team that examined the gene sequence of COVID-19 has discovered that it has four more amino acids than other coronaviruses, he said, adding that this makes its transmission easier.

  The findings have led some in the research community to speculate about whether China’s scientists intended to develop a virus more difficult to contain than SARS, he said.

  If that was their intent, they appeared to have succeeded, Fang added.

  Mutations of viruses that occur naturally only result in small, singular changes, he said, adding that one would not normally see a naturally mutated virus suddenly take on four amino acids.

  While such a large mutation is not impossible, it is highly unlikely, he said.

  However, only an internal administrative review at the institute could rule out whether the virus was manufactured there, he said.

  Such an investigation would require access to lab records, which is unlikely to happen in the short term, he added.

  Determining the source of the coronavirus has important implications for epidemiology, Fang said, adding that if the virus does not occur in nature, then it is likely to be entirely stamped out.

  This is quite different from forms of influenza, which cannot be easily eradicated, because they are part of the ecosystem, Fang added.
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