Two stone sculptures believed to date back to 1200-1500 B.C. were discovered at the Chavin de Huantar archaeological site in Huaraz, Peru, according to the team led by John Rick, an archaeologist from the US.
These were not the first such heads discovered in the Chavin de Huantar site. In 1920 an archaeologist named Julio C. Tello found a large number of “cabezas clavas” that were buried inside the facade of the temples. Many of them were swept away and lost in a flood that covered the site in 1940.
Rick believes these heads may have fallen from their original location, atop a wall, after a powerful earthquake in the year 500 B.C. The wall may have collapsed in 200 A.D.
Photos: AFP
照片:法新社
Rick points out that it is difficult to explain the real significance of the snakes and figures around the heads, but the very open eyes indicate a trance, apparently induced by drugs, possibly the San Pedro cactus.
The snakes and wrinkles support this hypothesis. “Wrinkles in one of them reveal the pain produced in the process of ingesting the drugs,” the archaeologist explains. “The snakes could reveal the hallucinations.”
(Liberty Times)
Photo: AFP
照片:法新社
美國考古學家約翰‧瑞克率領的考古團隊表示,兩尊據信是公元前一千五百至一千兩百年的石像,在秘魯利馬瓦拉斯省的夏文德萬塔爾考古遺址出土。
在此之前,夏文遺址就曾發現類似頭像。一九二0年考古學家泰羅在寺廟外牆裡發現埋有大量的獸形裝飾頭像,他們被一九四0年的一場洪水沖毀。
瑞克相信頭像原本的位置是在牆上,在經歷西元五百年前的一場大地震後掉了下來,那座牆後來在西元兩百年時傾頹。
瑞克指出,頭像上的蛇與其他紋樣的意義很難斷定;但圓睜的雙眼應是藥物引發的恍惚狀態,也許是來自一種刺激神經的聖佩卓仙人掌迷藥。
頭像上的蛇紋與皺眉支持這樣的假設。考古學家解釋,皺紋來自吞藥過程產生的痛苦,而蛇代表幻覺。(自由時報/翻譯:詹立群)
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