Turkey’s ruling Justice and Development Party (AKP) yesterday celebrated victory in a referendum on constitutional reform that was seen as boosting its chances of winning a third term of single-party rule at an election due within 10 months.
No sooner had Turkish Prime Minister Tayyip Erdogan declared victory than he stoked hardline secularists’ worst fears by serving notice that his AKP, whose roots lie in political Islam, would start work on a brand new Constitution.
The High Election Board was expected to announce the official results yesterday, but television news channels reported the government scored a “yes” vote of 58 percent versus 42 percent for the “no” camp. The turnout, among an electorate of just under 50 million, was put at 77 percent.
“‘Yes,’ but it is not enough,” said a headline in the liberal Radikal daily, saying the result showed enthusiasm for change and the desire for a totally new Constitution.
Turks voted on the 30th anniversary of the 1980 military coup and Erdogan had whipped up public support to change a charter written during army rule by reviving memories of the brutal repression that followed the generals’ takeover.
“Turkey cleans away the shame of the coup,” said a headline in the pro-government Sabah daily.
Opponents fear an emboldened AKP will unleash a hidden Islamist agenda if it wins another term in an election due by next July, though Erdogan denies any plan to roll back modern Turkey’s official secularism.
Many reforms approved in Sunday’s plebiscite were uncontroversial, but changes to the way senior judges are selected have raised concerns that the judiciary will lose its independence.
Critics believe the government will push through legislation without fear of the Constitutional Court blocking its way, as it did in 2008 when it struck down moves to lift a ban on women in headscarves attending university.
Drawn from Islamist parties banned in the late 1990s, AKP leaders liken their movement to Europe’s conservative Christian Democrat parties.
Erdogan’s government has won over many Turks by spearheading a drive to join the EU and overseeing reforms and a period of unprecedented economic growth that have transformed Turkey from a financial basket case to a star emerging market.
A deep recession last year dented the AKP’s election hopes, but a robust recovery has restored voters’ faith judging by the outcome of the plebiscite.
“The comfortable margin of the ‘yes’ vote is market positive as it indicates that the AKP has good prospects of winning a third term at the general elections due by July 2011,” said Wolfango Piccoli, a London-based analyst at Eurasia Group consultancy.
The result could also make the ruling party more confident of its popular support and possibly reduce chances that it will embark on a spending spree to win over voters, Piccoli added.
Among other measures in the reform package were steps to make the military more answerable to civilian courts and remove immunity from prosecution for the leaders of the 1980 coup.
Senior military officers are already on trial on charges of plotting to overthrow the AK Party government in a widening investigation critics say is a politically motivated witch hunt.
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