Wed, Dec 11, 2019 page4

• FEATURE: Coding boom sees Chinese children learn and teach

  • AFP, BEIJING
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  Wearing a pair of black-rimmed glasses and a red T-shirt, an eight-year-old Chinese boy is logged in for an online coding lesson — as the teacher.

  Vita set up a coding tutorial channel on the Chinese video streaming site Bilibili in August and has so far garnered nearly 60,000 followers and more than 1 million views.

  He is among a growing number of children in China who are learning coding even before they enter primary school.

  

  Zhou Ziheng helps his son Vita to create a game on his laptop at their home in Shanghai on Nov. 7.

  Photo: AFP

  The trend has been fueled by parents’ belief that coding skills will be essential for Chinese teenagers given the government’s technological drive.

  “Coding is not that easy, but also not that difficult — at least not as difficult as you have imagined,” said Vita, who lives in Shanghai.

  The little boy uses his channel to patiently take his students — who are mostly children older than him and young adults — step-by-step through an Apple-designed coding app called Swift Playgrounds.

  Explaining as he goes, he sometimes deliberately makes mistakes to help show common errors to avoid.

  “When I am teaching, I am learning new things at the same time,” Vita said.

  China has been making huge investments in robotics and artificial intelligence (AI), with the government in 2017 issuing an AI development plan that suggested programming courses be taught in primary and secondary schools.

  China published its first AI textbook last year, while eastern Zhejiang Province listed programming as one subject for its college entrance examination.

  For Vita it was his father, Zhou Ziheng (周自恆), who has been his main support, editing his videos and helping to run the channel. Zhou, a freelance translator of scientific and technology books, started to teach his son how to write code when he was five years old.

  “I learned coding when I was young, so I always believed that Vita learning coding at this age was something normal,” he said.

  When Vita was four, they started off by playing some coding-related games together, which used icons to replace code.

  After seeing that Vita played these games very well, Zhou decided to help him work on some real code.

  This summer, Vita surprised his father by successfully rewriting the code in an app that did not work in an updated system by himself.

  “I suggested to him to record how he rewrote these codes,” said Zhou, and the idea for online classes was born.

  Most comments on Vita’s online videos express amazement that he can write code and even teach others at such a young age.

  “I just learned how to use the computer when I was eight,” wrote one.

  Parents who do not have the skills to help can send their children to coding agencies, which are booming thanks to demand from China’s middle-class families looking for the best skills for their children.

  The value of China’s programming education market for children was 7.5 billion yuan (US$1 billion) in 2017, but is set to exceed to 37.7 billion yuan by next year, according to Analysys, a Chinese Internet analysis firm.

  “China’s programming education in public school starts very late [compared with developed countries], so our after-school tutorial agency makes up for this shortage,” said Pan Gongbo (潘公博), general manager of Beijing-based Tongcheng Tongmei, a coding education center.

  The school’s youngest student is three years old.

  For children under six, the agency offers a special program that includes activities such as Lego building, which also uses coding knowledge and skills.

  Children at six or seven are fully capable of learning coding in cognitive development, Pan said.

  “Do not underestimate the learning speed of children. In some of our courses, they learn even faster than our adults,” he said.

  Ten-year-old Ji Yingzhe has been studying the coding language Python for half a year at the agency — before that, he took a semester-long course on fundamental robot building, which he felt was too simple.

  “The codes have already been written for you, and all you have to do is to organize these [code blocks] in order,” he said.

  Ji’s father sent him to learn programming because he was spending a lot of time playing video games.

  There was a new rule at home: Ji could only play the games that he created himself.

  Ji has almost finished writing a simple version of the popular game Plants vs Zombies.

  In November, Vita competed in a coding competition for primary students, held by the Shanghai Computer Industry Association.

  He spent two months learning the coding language C++ for the competition, with the help of his father, going all the way to the final despite being among the youngest participants.

  In terms of what the future holds, Zhou said that it would depend on Vita’s interest and ability — but he wants to keep his son down-to-earth.

  “I told him: ‘you haven’t done anything remarkable,’” said Zhou. “This is just one step of [his] coding learning.”

  Vita says he is happy just to have fans and followers.

  “Coding is a long-term challenge, [but] download the app and you can start learning now,” he said.
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