Mexico’s government on Monday offered a US$2 million reward for information leading to the arrest of 24 top drug lords in a public challenge to the cartels’ violent grip on the country.
The list indicated that drug gangs have splintered into six main cartels under pressure from the US and Mexican governments. The two most powerful gangs — the Pacific and Gulf cartels — each suffered fractures that have given rise to new cartels, the list published by the Attorney General’s Office showed.
The list offers 30 million pesos (US$2 million) in reward for 24 top members of the cartels and 15 million pesos for 13 of their lieutenants.
Drug violence has killed more than 9,000 people since Mexican President Felipe Calderon took office in December 2006 as gangs battle each other for territory and fight off a government crackdown. Some of that violence is spilling over into the US, especially the Southwest, where kidnaps and killings are on the rise.
The rewards are the largest Mexico has ever offered for top drug lords, said Ricardo Najera, a spokesman for the Attorney General’s office. Some of the men, such as suspected Pacific cartel leaders Joaquin Guzman and Ismael Zambada, are targeted by separate US$5 million rewards offered by the US government.
The new list appeared to be the first offering rewards for all the most-wanted cartel members at once. The government could be trying to signal its determination to take on the cartels at the same time, rather than one or two at a time as past administrations have done, said Andrew Selee, director of the Wilson Center’s Mexico Institute.
“It tells you a little bit about Calderon’s thinking,” Selee said.
“He really sees this as something he wants to eradicate. He’s willing to take them all on as a unit,” he said.
The document offered insight into the reorganization of the cartels more than two years into Calderon’s military crackdown against them.
The Beltran Leyva and Carrillo Fuentes gangs — once considered affiliated with the Sinaloa group under the Pacific cartel alliance — were listed as their own cartels. So was La Familia, which operates in central Mexico and was once considered a gang that answered to the Gulf cartel.
Calderon’s government has attributed fractures in the cartels to the military crackdown, saying the arrest of drug kingpins has set off internal battles for control that have led to Mexico’s sharp surge in violence. It dismisses suggestions by some US officials that Mexico is losing control of some of its territory.
The list sends a message that Mexico is using all its resources to root out drug traffickers days before a visit from US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and a month before US President Barack Obama visits, said George Grayson, a Mexico expert at the College of William & Mary in Virginia.
Mexican officials “have been quite defensive about all the talk about Mexico being a failed state and that the cartels are controlling more and more territory,” Grayson said.
“I see this as an acceleration of Calderon’s policy, but with one eye on the upcoming visit of the American leaders,” he said.
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