Anesthesiologist Christian Favoccia had no trouble deciding to ditch his job at the university hospital in Duesseldorf for a new one at a clinic in Amsterdam.
By leaving home, the 36-year-old specialist will make almost three times as much money, work shorter hours and have better chances at promotion.
"At this point I honestly can't tell you if I will ever come back to Germany," Favoccia said. "I am skeptical that they'll be able to offer me the same kind of incentives any time soon."
Germany's well-trained but frustrated young doctors are leaving the country for higher pay in ever greater numbers, leaving some hospitals struggling to fill positions.
More than 12,500 German doctors are working abroad already, and 2,300 left the country last year alone, according to the doctors' association, the Marburger Bund. The Netherlands, Britain, US, Australia, Switzerland and Scandinavia are among the top destinations.
"There are more than 5,000 jobs available at hospitals due to the number of people who have left," Michael Helmkamp, a spokesman for the Marburger Bund, said on Tuesday. "Clinics all over Germany are facing shortages and many hospitals cannot provide their former standard of health care anymore."
Favoccia, who got his medical degree from the University of Bochum before moving on to the University Hospital Duesseldorf five-and-a-half years ago, is already taking Dutch classes together with a colleague who is also planning to move to Amsterdam. He said he did not mind starting a new life in the Netherlands even though he would miss his friends at home.
"My father came to Germany as an immigrant from Italy in the 1960s and built up a new life here, I guess I can do the same in Holland," said Favoccia, who is single.
A spokeswoman for the federal Health Ministry said on Thursday that only some regions of Germany are struggling with a shortage of doctors while cities like Berlin are in fact facing a surplus.
"These general assumptions by the Marburger Bund are not always true," said spokeswoman Ina Klaus. "And besides that the government is contributing millions of euros for clinics to improve the working conditions of doctors."
At the University Hospital in Duesseldorf, dozens of doctors have left for better jobs abroad, Favoccia said.
The situation is particularly dramatic at the anesthesia department where 17 out of 80 doctors have quit within the last year.
Low salaries are one of the main reasons. Favoccia is making 2,300 euros (US$2,900) a month after taxes, but at the University Hospital in Amsterdam he will earn 6,500 euros after deductions -- and work fewer hours.
Young doctors never made a lot of money in Germany but knew that later in their career their tough beginnings at the hospital would pay off, Favoccia said. That was before changes to the government health insurance program aimed at limiting health costs -- and restricting what doctors can charge.
There are very few private clinics in Germany, so most doctors start their careers at university hospitals, state-run or municipal clinics.
"Today, it is not worth it anymore to struggle for years because after all the changes in the German health system you will never become rich, not even as a senior doctor or if you own a private practice," he said.
But it is not just about the money. Many express frustration with working conditions and career prospects.
"The hospital is not providing me with good training and the autocratic behavior of the chief physicians in Germany is completely outrageous and outdated," said Nelson Amaral, 28, an anesthesiologist in Duesseldorf.
He starts a new job at the Derriford Hospital in Plymouth, England, in August.
Amaral said that his reasons for leaving were not only about better educational opportunities in England and the higher salary, but also because he is fed up with what he described as the strong hierarchies among clinic staff.
Discontent among doctors has been building up for some time. For the last three months, some 12,000 clinic doctors staged strikes against their work conditions, forcing state-run and university clinics to provide only emergency care. A deal was reached last week, providing clinic doctors with a pay rise of up to 20 percent based on their seniority and position, three additional days for training and a reverse of cuts to their year-end bonus.
The health crisis is far from over though -- as state-run and university clinics were getting back to regular work hours, doctors at more than 700 city-run hospitals nationwide were threatening to strike for higher salaries on Wednesday.
One doctor who left says it may be a long time before she returns.
"I thought I'd only stay for a year but now I am so happy with my job that I am not even thinking of moving back anytime soon," said Nina Lenndorf, 30, a psychiatrist who quit her job in Berlin three years ago to move to London.
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