1. 他們假裝不知道那件事。
ˇ They pretended not to know about it.
ˇ They pretended that they didn’t know about it.
Photo: AdobeStock l 圖片:AdobeStock
χ They pretended to not know about it.
註：not 和 never 通常放在不定詞的前面。例如：
I told him not to waste my time.
Photo: Adobe Stock l 圖片:Adobe Stock
I left early so as not to miss the plane.
I trained myself never to lose my temper.
2. 他認為自己很誠實。
ˇ He considered himself to be strictly honest.
χ He considered himself to strictly be honest.
註：strictly 在句中修飾 honest，不是修飾 be honest，因此不應放在 to be 之間，而且不定詞 to be 中間也不可以插入其他字。正句中的 to be 可省略。
3. 以前沒見過他，我當然認不出他。
ˇ Not having met him before, of course I did not recognize him.
ˇ As I had not met him before, of course I did not recognize him.
χ Having not met him before, I of course did not recognize him.
註：having not，該說 not having；也不可以說 being not，該說 not being。例如：
Not having received an answer, he wrote again.
（或 Having received no answer, he wrote again.）
4. 你們應該把它鎖起來。
ˇ You should lock it up.
χ You should lock up it.
註：我們可以說：We must lock up the house. 或 We must lock the house up. 但受詞是代名詞時，只可以說：We must lock it up. 同一類型的句子如下：
Hand it over.
Put it on.
Take it down.
Turn it on.
Turn it up.
5. 煽動份子以為這樣就能摧殘我們的民主了。
ˇ The demagogues thought that by so doing they could trample on the democracy of our country.
χ The demagogues thought that by so doing could they trample on the democracy of our country.
註：只有用 only by＋動名詞片語時才需要顛倒主述語次序；如單用 by＋動名詞片語，就不必倒置。
Exercises
A. 由於沒有收到回信，她再寫一次。
__________ an answer, she wrote again.
1. Having not received 2. Not received
3. No having received 4. Not having received
B. 她認為自己很漂亮。
She considered herself __________ .
1. be very pretty
2. to very be pretty
3. to very pretty
4. to be very pretty
Answers:
A. 4 B. 4
文章由書林出版公司提供：
www.bookman.com.tw
蘇正隆 — 台灣翻譯學學會前理事長、師大翻譯研究所兼任副教授; 編著《走讀自然.花言樹語》，《英語的對與錯》，《世紀病毒：必讀防疫英文知識與詞彙》...等。國家教育研究院中英雙語詞彙審議委員；研究領域為翻譯、術語及詞典編譯，從事植物與人文導覽數十年，亦曾應邀遠赴國外大學做植物人文導覽。
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