疫情改變市場消費型態！飢腸轆轆的時刻，無法到餐廳用餐，自己開伙又嫌麻煩嗎？此時拿出手機輕鬆一點，透過美食外送平台即可訂餐外送到宅。根據經濟部統計處資料顯示，台灣餐飲外送2018年的營業額高達新台幣237億元。在關注這波興盛的宅經濟之餘，也讓我們來學一學和餐飲外送相關的英文單字用法。
運送Deliver、運費 Delivery charge
最近，裝載黑色「Uber Eats」或粉紅色「foodpanda」箱子的摩托車滿街跑，就可以看出點餐外送服務（food ordering and delivery services）的盛行。在TOEIC測驗中，採購運送也是一個重要的主題，而「運送」可用deliver、ship、send 這幾個動詞來表達。
Photo courtesy of Pixabay / 圖片: Pixabay 提供
The company promises to deliver the orders within 24 hours of receiving them.
（公司承諾顧客在收到訂單的二十四小時內會送出訂貨。）
deliver（運送）的名詞是delivery，可以和delivery搭配的常見複合名詞delivery charge/fee（運費）。而運費的計算方式也不盡相同，有些根據距離來計算，有些則根據訂購金額來訂定。運費的英文可以是delivery charge，也可用shipping fee/charge/cost 來表示。
Shipping fees are calculated based on order amount or by distances.
（運費會根據訂購金額或距離來計算。）
If your order is over NT$200, we’ll waive your delivery charges.
（如果您的訂購金額超過兩百元，我們將免掉運費。）
「運貨，運送」另外一個常見的詞是freight，因此運費也可用freight rate 表示；rate 這個字亦可作「費用」解釋。此外，運費也會隨著運送時間的不同而有所差別，如「快遞」通常就用express shipping 或 expedited shipping。expedite 當動詞時，解釋為「加速，加快」。
外送員 Delivery person
外送員不管是用任何一種交通工具，皆可用delivery person或messenger/courier來表示，譬如Uber Eats messenger/courier。這些外送員通常都不是外送公司的員工，而是所謂的contractors（約聘人員）或是independent contractors；contractor是由contract（合約）一詞延伸而來。現在，國外也開始出現以無人機drone或是自動駕駛self-driving（亦可用driverless）delivery 的方式來運送產品或餐飲的服務。
擴展 Expand、延展 Extend
根據媒體報導，市占率超過五成的foodpanda目前已在全台十三個城市提供服務，並和超過一萬家的餐飲店合作，接下來也計畫擴展到其他城市，甚至打算加入以腳踏車或步行的方式送貨。
Foodpanda currently operates in eleven cities in Taiwan and plans to expand its services to other cities.（Foodpanda目前在台灣13個城市營運並計畫擴展服務到其他縣市。）
expand（擴展，擴張）和extend（延長，延展），兩個單字在拼法和字義上容易混淆。expand 可以用在擴大市場（expand into another market）、辦公室的擴大（office expansion）等方面的擴張；而extend 比較傾向於時間或物品的延長、展延，例如截止時間的延長、電話分機（extension number）、延長線（extension cord）等，都是用extension。
Foodpanda plans to extend its service hours to 2am.
（Foodpanda 打算延長服務時間到凌晨兩點。）
Please return your rental car by 5pm. on the contract date. Otherwise, the contract will be automatically extended for one more day.
（請在合約截止日的下午五點前歸還車子，否則租約會自動延長一天。）
撤出 Withdraw
外送的興盛和普及，也造成相當激烈的競爭，例如2019 年honestbee 便宣布退出台灣餐飲外送市場；在此，退出市場可用withdraw from the market。
Marks & Spencer withdrew from Taiwan only 18 months after its launch.
（馬莎百貨在開幕十八個月後即撤出台灣市場。）
withdraw（撤退，撤出）也就是pull out 的意思，名詞是withdrawal；withdraw另有個重要的解釋是「提款」。除了withdraw from the market 外，也可以用halt operations（停止營運），halt 為動詞，意思是「停止」。
Jimmy withdrew NT$1000 dollars from the bank.
（吉米從銀行提領了一千元。）
Honestbee decided to halt operations in Taiwan.
（Honestbee決定停止在台灣地區的營運。）
【多益模擬試題】
1. The new governor promised his voters ______ the pension reform.
(A) expediting
(B) expedite
(C) to expedite
(D) expedited
2. Once we receive your call, a ______ will be dispatched immediately to pick up your parcel.
(A) precursor
(B) courier
(C) courtesy
(D) composer
【解析】
1. 正解為(C)。本題為文法題，題意為「新的州長承諾選民將加速年金改革。」在promise這個動詞後面，通常是接不定詞＋動詞原型promise someone to V，因此本題答案應選(C)。
2. 正解為(B)。本題為單字題，題意為「一旦收到你的電話，我們會馬上派人去取包裹。」(A)是「先驅」，(C)意思為「禮貌」，(D)則解釋為「作曲家」，因此符合題意的答案為(B)。
SOURCE: https://www.englishok.com.tw/toeic/toeic-issue/ubereats_foodpanda_delivery
文章由TOEIC Program Taiwan · Chun Shin提供：
www.facebook.com/ToeicProgramTaiwan
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