In English, the word “have” has several different usages, including to express possession — as we have just done — and for the present perfect tense, as we have just done. We also have to point out that “have” is also used to express necessity. As we have just done.
Of those three, today we only have space for “possession” and “necessity.” For these, British English uses two forms: “have” and “have got.” The former is the preferred option in more formal English, and therefore predominantly used in the written form; the latter is often used in spoken English. American English prefers the use of “have,” and rarely uses “have got.” These differences entail different grammatical constructions.
Another difference in the use of “have” between American and British English is with nouns such as “shower,” “bath” and “wash” — to speak about washing — and “break,” “holiday” and “rest” when speaking about resting. British English uses both “have” and “take”; American English tends to use “have” more often than “take.”
(Paul Cooper, Taipei Times)
英文字「have」有幾種不同的用法，包括表示「擁有」（例如前句英文原文──「has」several different usages），以及表示現在完成式（例如，We 「have」just done──我們剛做好了）。我們也必須指出，「have」也用於表示「必須」（例如前句英文原文──「have」to point out）。
上述「have」所具有的這三種意思，我們今天的篇幅只夠討論「擁有」和「必須」這兩個意義。英式英文是用「have」和「have got」這兩種形式來表示「擁有」或「必須」。較正式的英式英文會用「have」，因此這用法主要見於書面形式；而「have got」通常是用在英式英文的口語。美式英文則較偏好使用「have」，很少說「have got」。這些差異帶來了不同的文法結構。
Photo: Wikimedia Commons
照片：維基共享資源
「have」的用法在美式與英式英文中的另一區別，可見於後接名詞的用法，例如「have」接「shower」（淋浴）、「bath」（泡澡）和「wash」（洗滌）等表示清洗的名詞，以及「break」（休息）、「holiday」（放假）和「rest」（休息）等有關休息的名詞。英式英文「have」和「take」兩者皆可使用──例如「have a shower」、「take a shower」，美式英文則傾向較常用「have」。
(台北時報林俐凱譯)
A: Hard rock band Guns N’ Roses is touring Taiwan tomorrow. What about pop diva Lady Gaga? B: Unfortunately, Singapore has once again exclusively secured Gaga’s concerts in Asia, just like Taylor Swift’s exclusive Asian shows last year. A: The Singaporean government reportedly paid up to US$2.2 million to secure Swift’s shows. B: And the shows did boost its economy and tourism. A: But I’m angry about this approach, so I’m not going to Gaga’s shows this time. A: 硬式搖滾天團槍與玫瑰明天即將來台，流行天后女神卡卡呢？ B: 真可惜，新加坡再度取得卡卡亞洲巡演的獨家主辦權，就像去年泰勒絲的亞洲獨家演出一樣。 A: 據報導新加坡政府付出高達220萬美元，取得泰勒絲的亞洲獨家主辦權。 B: 而她的秀也的確提振了該國的經濟和旅遊業。 A: 但我對此還是很不爽，所以不去新加坡看卡卡了！ （By Eddy Chang, Taipei Times／台北時報張迪）
A: Hard rock band Guns N’ Roses and pop diva Lady Gaga are finally touring Asia again. B: Are they also coming to Taiwan? A: The band will stage a show at the Taoyuan Sunlight Arena on Saturday. B: Wow, so this will be the band’s third visit. I really love its 1992 power ballad “November Rain.” The nine-minute hit was the Billboard chart’s longest song at one point. A: Let’s go celebrate the 40th anniversary of its release. A: 硬式搖滾天團槍與玫瑰、女神卡卡終於再度展開亞洲巡演了。 B: 他們也會來台巡演嗎？ A: 槍與玫瑰本週六即將在桃園陽光劇場開唱唷。 B: 哇這將是該團第三次來台演出，我超愛他們1992年強力情歌《November Rain》，全長近9分鐘還曾是告示牌排行榜最長神曲。 A: 那我們一起去慶祝該團出道40週年吧！ （By Eddy Chang, Taipei Times／台北時報張迪）
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