Mon, Feb 20, 2023 page13

• Notes from Central Taiwan: The coming cost of COVID-19

  As the nation continues to open up to the world and contemplates reducing mask mandates, it appears that the normalization of COVID is around the corner, with all its associated social, economic and health costs

  • By Michael Turton / Contributing Reporter
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  Last Wednesday marked the 12th day in a row in which the number of COVID-19 cases in Taiwan was lower than the number the previous week on the same day. The figure for that day was over 19,000 reported cases.

  People are now accepting this figure, somewhere between 15,000 and 20,000, as background noise, and the government is contemplating reducing the mask mandate. It appears that we are about to normalize the cost of COVID.

  LONG COVID

  

  Herbs used in traditional Chinese medicine for the use against COVID-19 are seen at a traditional medicine store in Keelung.

  Photo: Bloomberg

  It’s sobering to calculate: at 19,000 cases a day, every 60 days Taiwan experiences over 1.1 million cases, with all the attendant costs. A meta-analysis of studies of long COVID in the Journal of the American Medical Association found that 6.2 percent of COVID suffers will develop at least one of the three major clusters of long COVID symptoms.

  Of those, according to that study, in roughly 15 percent, or 1 percent of all COVID cases, symptoms will persist for a year or longer. That means that every 60 days Taiwan will be generating 10,000 cases of long COVID of a year’s duration, which in many cases renders victims unable to work. That’s 60,000 such cases annually.

  In a study of US cases, 15 percent of COVID victims developed long COVID (persisting two months after the initial infection), with unvaccinated individuals suffering disproportionately. Recall that low vaccination rates among the elderly in Taiwan remain an issue. In another study of over 3,000 long COVID suffers from 56 countries, the majority reported that symptoms lingered for more than 35 weeks.

  

  Travelers from Thailand on the first quarantine-free flight to Taiwan, amid COVID-19 pandemic, prepare to leave the airport in Taoyuan.

  Photo: Reuters

  Of course, those are majority experiences. The outliers are simply insane. Ed Yong in an article for The Atlantic described a case of brain fog that lasted a terrifying 900 days. The victim once worked in AI, “but now ‘runs into a mental wall’ when faced with tasks as simple as filling out forms.”

  QUACKERY

  It is conventional to calculate the economic losses from deaths, caring for COVID cases, treating long COVID cases and lost work hours. Less obvious to many who have thought about this will be the diversion of investment to socially frivolous purposes, such as “alternative” medicines and their attendant “treatment” infrastructure.

  

  An official in October last year watches as the first tourist group from Thailand arrives at Taoyuan International Airport in Taoyuan on, after Taiwan reopened its borders by ending mandatory COVID quarantine for arrivals.

  Photo: AFP

  In the first half of the last century there was an extensive sanitorium movement for tuberculosis, which did nothing to cure the disease, but planted sanitoria in all sorts of countryside in the belief that clean dry air was good for the disease. Tuberculosis was the most famous rationale for sanitorium building, but they were also built for a variety of other “ailments,” including “hysteria,” fatigue and masturbation.

  It is easy to see how that might play out with long COVID, especially in a society that has a widely accepted existing formal system of traditional Chinese medicine as an alternative to scientific medicine. I look forward to the late-night cable TV and radio ads in rapid-fire Taiwanese extolling the virtues of patent medicines for long COVID issues. This will receive impetus from the common experience of long COVID sufferers: doctors don’t listen to them. Multiply that by the short, peremptory doctor visits that characterize Taiwan’s health system.

  SOCIAL COSTS

  As with other long-term diseases, long COVID will also generate a host of social costs. Sufferers will put off marriage and children, and lose not just work time (and their jobs) but also learning and promotion opportunities. In Africa this is a common problem with diseases like malaria, which has easily measurable effects on worker productivity.

  In children it will harm school performance. “Brain fog” is reported in many cases of long COVID, nearly 70 percent, with up to 78 percent reporting inability to concentrate, according to one study. The school system here runs on rote memorization, after all.

  In Sweden, where the virus was essentially permitted to run rampant, an insurance company survey found that 32 percent of the 18-24 age bracket reported brain fog, affecting their social, work and school lives.

  That’s what living with COVID means. That’s what happens when it becomes normalized. Around every four years, at the current pace, we will generate enough cases to infect everyone in Taiwan. Many of those will be reinfections, of course. It goes without saying that studies show reinfections worsen both the chance of getting long COVID and its destructive effects.

  Nor does anyone really know what the long term effects of the disease are. It is still too new.

  The national health insurance system allocates hospital beds and other medical resources on a geographical basis, with a strict number of beds for a given population. This means that the system has few slack resources, an impediment that has slowed the development of a robust medical tourism system here. COVID cases and long COVID will further strain the system, a strain that will become constant over time.

  An excellent 2020 piece by Jane Rickards in AmCham’s TOPICS magazine described some of the trends in hospital administration and health care in Taiwan. Typically, the national health insurance covers 56 percent of health care costs, while the remaining 44 percent (read: future long COVID costs) comes from the patient’s pocket. The elderly constitute 15 percent of the insured population, but almost 40 percent of medical expenses.

  One of the experts consulted for the piece noted that Taiwan lags behind South Korea and Japan in care for chronic diseases. With Taiwanese averaging 15 visits a year to local clinics and hospitals, the piece says, Taiwan’s system is geared for quantity, not quality of care, and long-term diseases that require patient monitoring and management, such as diabetes, are less well served by the system. Long COVID is a long-term disease.

  The death numbers bounce around, last week falling between roughly 35 and 65 a day. At 40 deaths a day, Taiwan will experience 1,200 a year, comparable to the 1,648 people who lost their lives in scooter-related accidents in the first 10 months of last year. It could well be more.

  We have decided, in our weariness with travel restrictions and mask orders, to declare that we are done with COVID, to accept all the lost lives and lost years of work and individual growth as the cost of doing business.

  After all, that always happens to other people, right?

  Notes from Central Taiwan is a column written by long-term resident Michael Turton, who provides incisive commentary informed by three decades of living in and writing about his adoptive country. The views expressed here are his own.
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