Voting began yesterday in Bahrain’s first legislative elections since a failed pro-democracy uprising in 2011, with the opposition boycotting the polls in the tiny Gulf monarchy.
Bahrain, a key US ally, remains divided nearly four years after security forces in the Sunni-ruled kingdom quelled Arab Spring-inspired protests led by majority Shiites.
Al-Wefaq, the main opposition group, said on the eve of the vote that failure by the kingdom’s rulers to ease their “monopoly” on power could trigger a surge in violence.
Photo: AFP
Clashes between young demonstrators and security forces erupted in Shiite villages outside the capital, Manama, ahead of the polls, according to witnesses.
The Gulf state’s electorate of almost 350,000 is being called to choose 40 deputies. Most the 266 candidates are Sunnis, in a vote denounced by critics as a “farce.”
Polling stations opened at 8am and were due to close at 8pm.
Municipal elections are being held at the same time.
In Riffa, a Sunni-dominated district south of Manama, dozens of people, mostly men dressed in traditional long white attire, lined up ahead of the start of voting.
“This election will help the development of the country under the leadership of the king,” said Naima El-Heddi, a civil servant in his 30s.
The opposition boycott means voter turnout will be a key marker of the validity of the vote.
Bahraini Information Affairs Authority Minister Samira Rajab stressed ahead of the polls that the government would not tolerate “chaos, unrest and foreign meddling” — a reference to Shiite Iran.
On the eve of elections, hundreds of demonstrators took to the streets of the Shiite village of Diraz in support of the boycott, with police firing tear gas to disperse them.
“Boycott! Boycott!” they chanted.
In other villages, reporters saw barricades and burned garbage cans, as well as trees and concrete blocks that authorities said were aimed at preventing people from going to vote.
Shiite demonstrators frequently clash with security forces in villages outside the capital, and hundreds have been arrested and tried since the month-long uprising in early 2011, which was crushed by the authorities.
Al-Wefaq withdrew its 18 legislators after a violent crackdown on demonstrators by security forces.
The nation’s political rivals have struggled to bury their differences through a so-called “national dialogue” that fell apart, despite several rounds of negotiations.
Al-Wefaq leader Sheikh Ali Salman said the lack of political accord could lead to an “explosion” of unrest in Bahrain, home to the US Navy’s Fifth Fleet and a partner in the US-led campaign against the Islamic State group in Syria and Iraq.
The boycott stems from “the people’s demand for democratic reforms,” Salman told reporters, predicting a maximum 30 percent turnout.
He said the opposition could resume talks only if the government agreed to implement reforms in line with a strict timetable.
The opposition wants a “real” constitutional monarchy with an elected prime minister independent from the Al Khalifa royal family.
However, the Saudi-backed Sunni dynasty that rules over the majority Shiite kingdom has rejected the demand.
Last month, a court banned al-Wefaq for three months for violating a law on associations.
The movement refused to resume talks with the authorities in September despite a new proposal announced by Crown Prince Salman bin Hamad Al Khalifa.
Salman said he did not expect the opposition to reach an agreement with the government, following Shiite-led protests he said had cost “at least 100 lives” over the past three years.
Authorities ignored pleas by human rights groups last year to release political prisoners, instead increasing the punishment for violent crimes.
Attacks that cause death or injuries can now be met with capital punishment or life imprisonment.
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