Libya’s beleaguered elected parliament has declared a formal alliance with a renegade former general as it struggles to assert some authority in a country many fear is sliding into outright civil war.
Three years after the overthrow of former Libyan leader Muammar Qaddafi, the oil-producing desert state is in chaos, with Islamic extremists and other militias fighting for territory and influence and the regular armed forces left with little power.
One militia faction has seized Tripoli, setting up its own assembly and administration in the capital and forcing the government to take refuge in the eastern part of the country.
Khalifa Haftar, a former general under Qaddafi, is one of dozens of commanders of irregular forces calling the shots in the country. Last week, his forces launched a new offensive against Muslim militias in the eastern city of Benghazi.
The Libyan House of Representatives, Libya’s elected parliament, which has relocated to Tobruk in the far east, has endorsed Haftar’s Operation Dignity against the militants, giving him an official role, Libyan parliament spokesman Farraj Hashem said.
“Operation Dignity is leading officers and soldiers of the Libyan army... Operation Dignity is an operation of the Libyan army,” he said late on Sunday.
The move appears to contradict past calls from the House of Representatives for all militias to be disarmed to help restore order and rebuild the state.
The decision to endorse Haftar might also worsen a conflict between the House of Representatives, allied to the internationally recognized government of Libyan Prime Minister Abdullah al-Thinni, and the new rulers of Tripoli.
Both recognized bodies have been based in eastern Libya since an armed group led from the western city of Misrata seized Tripoli in August and set up its own assembly and government there.
The Misrata faction has denounced Haftar as a Qaddafi loyalist who is trying to stage a counterrevolution with other officials of the former regime. Haftar helped Qaddafi seize power in 1969, but fell out with the former leader in the 1980s.
At least 73 people were killed in fighting between Haftar’s troops backed by armed local youth and army forces against Muslim brigades in Benghazi since Wednesday last week, hospital medics said.
Fighting was continuing inside Benghazi university and another part of Libya’s second-largest city, residents said. Ninety-nine civilians were evacuated from areas heavily affected by clashes, among them families from Egypt and Chad.
Western powers and Libya’s Arab neighbors fear conflict is dragging the North African country toward full-blown civil war.
The UN has started negotiations to bring an end to the fighting among factions, but an alliance of Muslim militia groups has refused to take part in the talks.
“We have the possibility of a major threat in Libya in a few months’ time unless we are able to stabilize the country,” UN special envoy to Libya Bernadino Leon told reporters after briefing EU foreign ministers meeting in Luxembourg. “The situation is so unstable, there is so much chaos. We need to act immediately.”
In a statement, the ministers called for action and condemned the violence, but offered no new measures or funds.
Leon said there would be dialogue only with those who recognized the House of Representatives in Tobruk.
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