Vietnamese lawmakers yesterday approved a new version of the country’s constitution that upholds the Communist Party of Vietnam’s dominant political and economic role.
“This is a historic moment,” National Assembly Chairman Nguyen Sinh Hung said after the charter was approved by 486 votes out of 488 deputies present, with two abstentions.
The amendments make minor tweaks to the constitution, but crucially reaffirm the central role of the communist party — which has been enshrined in the document since it was first approved in 1946.
However, the process of amending the charter has raised hopes of real change after it was opened to public debate, sparking fierce discussion on topics usually taboo in the nation.
A group of leading academics in January submitted a petition calling for multiparty democracy, respect for human rights, private land ownership and an apolitical army that serves the people, not the party.
The main demand of the academics and many online commentators was for the abolition of Article 4, the clause that protects the party’s power, and for a clear separation of powers between the legislative, executive and judicial branches of government.
However, that section has not been removed, according to a version of the constitution read out in parliament, although a final amended text was not available at press time.
“The majority of opinions expressed during the consultation process agree the party should continue to play a leading role,” National Assembly Vice Chairman Uong Chu Luu said in a televised speech yesterday.
Twenty-five years after the party initiated market reforms, Vietnam is mired in an economic slowdown widely blamed on mismanagement. In a bid to seem progressive, its rulers regularly ask for public input on policy issues, but campaigners expressed cynicism over the practice.
“The call for consultation was a trap to lure opponents of the party out of the shadows,” Nguyen Van Tam, a 48-year-old Catholic activist, said after the vote early yesterday.
Founded in 1930, the Communist Party of Vietnam led the country to independence from the French and then to victory over the Americans in a decades-long bloody war.
It has ruled unified Vietnam as a one-party state since 1975. The party tightly controls public debate and routinely imprisons dissidents who question the political system or call for change.
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