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Pope addresses UN diplomats, calls for cooperation

Making a plea for human rights, Pope Benedict XVI warned diplomats at the UN that international cooperation needed to solve urgent problems is “in crisis” because decisions rest in the hands of a few powerful nations.

The UN speech on Friday highlighted another active day on Benedict’s first papal trip to the US, one that also included the first visit by the leader of the Roman Catholic Church to a US synagogue.

In his UN address, Benedict said that respect for human rights — not violence — was the key to solving many of the world’s problems.

While he did not identify the countries that have a stranglehold on global power, the German pope — just the third pontiff to address the UN General Assembly — addressed long-standing Vatican concerns about the struggle to achieve world peace and the development of the poorest regions.

On the one hand, he said, collective action by the international community is needed to solve the planet’s greatest challenges.

On the other, “we experience the obvious paradox of a multilateral consensus that continues to be in crisis because it is still subordinated to the decisions of a few.”

The pope made no mention of the US in his speech, though the Vatican did not support the US-led invasion of Iraq in 2003, which occurred despite the Bush administration’s failure to gain Security Council approval for it. At other moments on his trip, Benedict has been overtly critical of the US, noting how opportunity and hope have not always been available to minorities.

The pope said questions of security, development and protection of the environment require international leaders to work together in good faith, particularly when dealing with Africa and other underdeveloped areas vulnerable to “the negative effects of globalization.”

HUMAN DIGNITY

Benedict also insisted that the way to peace was by insuring respect for the dignity of humans.

“The promotion of human rights remains the most effective strategy for eliminating inequalities between countries and social groups, and increasing security,” the pope said.

Those whose rights are trampled, he said, “become easy prey to the call to violence and they then become violators of peace.”

By contrast, the pope said, recognition of human rights favors “conversion of heart, which then leads to a commitment to resist violence, terrorism and war.”

While Benedict, a former university professor and theologian, has spoken out less on global conflicts than his predecessor, John Paul II, he too lived through World War II. He was drafted into the German army at war’s end and later deserted.

After three days in Washington, the pope took an early morning flight from the nation’s capital to New York City.

His late-afternoon stop at Park East Synagogue, a modern Orthodox congregation, was mostly symbolic — a quick visit to offer greetings as Passover approaches, exchange gifts and signal the increasingly warm relations between Catholicism and Judaism.

“May God spread his canopy of peace over all of us,” Rabbi Arthur Schneier told the pope in his welcoming remarks.

“I assure you ... of my closeness at this time, as you prepare to celebrate the great deeds of the Almighty,” Benedict said.

The pope later delivered a speech to other Christian leaders during which he advocated holding the line on orthodoxy within denominations. Allowing individual congregations to interpret the Gospel undermines evangelism at a time when “the world is losing its bearings,” he said.

ATONEMENT

Benedict did not address atonement for clergy sex abuse in his UN speech, which has developed into a major theme on the trip. He was widely expected to broach the subject yesterday when he celebrated Mass for priests, deacons and members of religious orders at St Patrick’s Cathedral in Manhattan.

Some victims’ advocates are pressing for bishops to be sanctioned for their role in the scandal that has cost the US church more than US$2 billion.

Cardinal William Levada, a US cleric who runs the Vatican agency that enforces church doctrine, said on Friday he does not know of any bishops guilty of “aiding and abetting” pedophiles, and would respond if he did. Bishops who have made mistakes, he said, largely took advice that was accepted at the time but proved wrong.

Levada said it was possible that canonical rules, or church rules, could be changed to better address the abuse scourge.

“It’s possible there are some things under consideration that I’m not able to say,” Levada said in a conversation with reporters at a luncheon given by Time magazine.

As it was in Washington, the pope was surrounded by well-wishers all day.

Several hundred supporters, many of them Hispanic, turned up outside the UN, standing behind metal police barricades as Benedict spoke.

New Jersey Catholics held up a banner for the German-born pope that combined German — “Willkommen Pope Benedict XVI” — and English sentiments: “You Rock!”

A small anti-pope contingent included a group calling itself Forum for Protection of Religious Pluralism. Financial consultant Padmanabh Rao, a Hindu from Woodbridge, New Jersey, complained that the Vatican is converting people in India to Catholicism.

Before the pontiff’s speech, Benedict and UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon met alone for 15 minutes for what the Vatican called a discussion on a range of international issues.

Later, speaking to UN staff members, Benedict paid tribute to 42 civilians and peacekeepers killed last year. He said the UN plays a key role in monitoring how well governments protect their citizens.
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