5. Grapes and raisins 葡萄及葡萄乾
According to a report published by the Animal Poison Control Center in the US, about 10 dogs per year develop symptoms of toxicity after ingesting grapes or raisins. Ingesting between 0.25-0.9 kg of grapes or raisins can cause a dog to suffer from kidney failure and other more severe symptoms. If not treated, it can be fatal. The reason that some dogs develop kidney failure following ingestion of grapes and raisins is not known, and grapes and raisins are not toxic to every single dog and cat. Some dogs consuming the same amount of grapes or raisins appear fine without showing any discomfort. As the mechanism of grapes and raisins causing poisoning in dogs and cats is still not understood, it is wise to avoid feeding them to dogs and cats.
據美國動物毒物管制中心(Animal Poison Control Center)的報告顯示,每年約有十隻狗兒是因吃下葡萄或葡萄乾而中毒,狗兒吃下約二百五十到九百公克的葡萄或葡萄乾,便會引致腎功能衰竭,且產生更激烈症狀,若不治療會死亡。至今還無法判明是何原因造成犬貓中毒,而且並不是對所有的犬貓都會造成影響,有些狗兒即使吃了一樣的量,卻也有完全沒事的情況。在其引起犬貓中毒的機制尚未確定前,還是不要給犬貓食用才好。
Photo: Ian Bartholomew, Taipei Times
6. Yeast dough 酵母生麵團
Yeast dough here is bread dough before it is baked. It can stretch a dog’s stomach and cause severe pain or even rupture the dog’s abdomen and intestines. Although it is less dangerous after the dough is completely baked or the yeast is completely fermented, pet owners should not feed their pets on an amount of bread that is more than 5 to 10 percent of their daily calorie intake.
這類所指的酵母生麵團是製成麵食的材料,當狗兒進食麵包後,便會在胃部發脹,會產生疼痛,甚至造成胃或腸管破裂。雖然此類酵母生麵團蒸熟或酵母完全發酵後會減少危險性,這類食物攝食量不要超過您寵物每日卡路里攝取量的百分之五到百分之十。
Photo: Amber Chang, Taipei Times
7. Raw or undercooked meat, eggs and bones
生鮮或未煮熟肉、蛋及骨頭
Meat and eggs, both raw and undercooked, and bones may contain bacteria, such as Salmonella and E. coli, which are harmful to your pets. Also, undercooked eggs may contain avidin, which will decrease their absorption of biotin, a kind of vitamin B, and can lead to skin and hair problems. Feeding your pets raw bones is very dangerous since domestic pets may choke on bones or their digestive tracts may be punctured by bone splinters.
Photo: Amber Chang, Taipei Times
生鮮或未煮熟的肉、蛋含有沙門氏桿菌及大腸桿菌對寵物有傷害,此外未煮熟的蛋含有卵白素(Avidin),會降低一種B維他命Biotin的吸收,引起皮膚及毛髮問題。對您家中寵物餵食生骨頭非常危險,他們可能會被骨頭哽住,或其消化道會被骨頭碎片刺穿。
8. Xylitol 木糖醇
Xylitol is an artificial sweetener that is commonly used in chewing gums, candies, baked foods, toothpaste products, and others. It is poorly absorbed by humans and can be used by diabetic patients since it can be metabolized without the presence of insulin. Xylitol can be 90 percent as sweet as sucrose, but contains only 40 percent of the calories of sucrose. It can cause an increase in the insulin circulating through your dog’s body, causing your dog’s blood sugar to drop, potentially leading to liver failure. Initial symptoms include vomiting, lethargy, and loss of coordination. Eventually, the dog may have seizures. Liver failure can occur within just a few days.
Photo: Lin Ya-ti, Taipei Times
According to the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA), xylitol is a very dangerous substance for dogs. Even a small amount of xylitol ingestion can cause a dog to display symptoms in 30 minutes, including a marked drop in blood sugar, vomiting, wal-king difficulties, internal bleeding, and others. Within days, it can trigger heart seizures, impairment of liver functions, acute liver failure, and other severe illnesses.
木糖醇是一種常用於許多食品的甜味劑,常用於口香糖、糖果,烘培食品及牙膏中。它不容易被人體吸收,可在缺乏胰島素的情況下被代謝,產生的熱量約為蔗糖的百分之四十,但甜度約為蔗糖的百分之九十,因此為可被當作糖尿病患者的代糖使用。根據位於美國紐約的美國虐待動物防止協會(American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals)報告指出,木糖醇對於狗兒是種相當危險的物質,即使是少量的誤食,也會造成狗兒在三十分鐘內出現血糖降低、嘔吐、行走困難、內出血,幾天之內會出現心臟病發作、肝指數上升以及急性肝衰竭的危險。
9. Onions, garlic, chives 洋蔥、大蒜、香蔥
Photo: Taipei Times
These vegetables and plants can irritate animals’ digestive systems and damage red blood cells. Cats are especially sensitive to these items, and consuming a large quantity is also dangerous for dogs. Pet foods and pet snacks containing a small trace of onions, garlic, or chives should be fine for pets, but never provide a large amount.
這些蔬菜和草本植物會引起動物胃腸道刺激及破壞紅血球,尤其貓是特別敏感,狗如果大量攝食也會有危險。偶然在寵物食品或零食中低量攝食不會引發問題,但建議絕不要提供大量這類食物給寵物。
Photo: Taipei Times
10. Milk 牛奶
Milk and milk-based products can cause diarrhea and other digestive upsets because pets generally do not have enough lactose enzyme (a kind of enzyme to digest the lactose in milk).
因為寵物並未具備足夠的乳糖酵素(可消化牛奶中乳糖的酵素),牛奶及其他乳製品都會讓他們腹瀉或使腸胃不適。
Photo: Taipei Times
11. Salt 鹽分
For pets, eating too much salt can cause excessive thirst and urinating and lead to sodium ion poisoning. Symptoms include vomiting, diarrhea, depression, tremors, elevated body temperature, heart seizure, or even death. If you love your pets, it is not a good idea to share salty foods like chips high in sodium with your pets.
高鹽分會引起過度口渴及頻尿,甚至寵物攝食後會發生鈉離子中毒。寵物攝食高鹽分食物會出現嘔吐、腹瀉、抑鬱、顫抖、體溫升高、心臟病發作,甚至死亡。所以,若是疼愛您家的寵物,就別餵食他們吃高鹽分洋芋片。
Photo: Taipei Times
The editorial team of Pet, Vet & Me, based on an article posted on Peteducation.com, lists additional food items that should not be fed to dogs and cats. They include raw or green potato, green tomato and its stalk, large amounts of liver, monosodium glutamate (MSG), abalone, raw squid, shredded squid, mackerel, spice, salted products, high-sugar snacks, mushrooms, spinach, tangerines, broccoli, Chinese rhubarb, tobacco plants, and food made for human consumption.
除此之外,《醫盟寵物語》編輯根據Peteducation.com的文章,還列出其他犬貓的禁忌食物:生或綠馬鈴薯、綠色蕃茄和其蒂葉莖、大量的肝、味精、鮑魚、生花枝、魷魚絲、竹筴魚或鯖魚、辛香料、醃製品、高糖零食、蘑菇、菠菜、柑橘、花椰菜、大黃、煙草、人的食物。
Photo: Taipei Times
Photo: Taipei Times
Photo: Taipei Times
Photo: Taipei Times
The strongest earthquake to hit Taiwan in 25 years killed at least 16 people and damaged dozens of buildings, but the destruction was largely contained thanks to decades of preparedness work. Taiwan sits on the “Ring of Fire,” an arc of intense seismic activity along the Pacific Rim, and — much like neighboring Japan — has a long history of catastrophic quakes. How does April 3 compare with other recent quakes? The April 3 earthquake, which measured 7.4 on the moment magnitude scale, was felt across Taiwan. It was the most severe since a 7.6 magnitude quake in 1999 killed
Around the time of the Dragon Boat Festival in June, the streets of Taiwan are filled with the delightful aroma of zongzi, a traditional snack made of sticky rice wrapped in leaves. The leaves are folded into a cone and then filled with sticky rice and other ingredients such as braised pork belly, peanuts and salted duck egg yolks. The filled leaves are then tightly tied with kitchen twine and ready for cooking. 每到六月端午時節,街頭巷尾就會飄出粽子的香氣。粽子是將糯米包進粽葉的傳統美食,先將粽葉折成圓錐狀塞入糯米,以及紅燒肉、花生、鹹鴨蛋黃等配料,用棉線綁緊後即可烹煮。 Dragon Boat Festival (n. phr.) 端午節 aroma
Everyone has seen a piece of fruit turn brown after being cut. Have you ever wondered why that happens? It is a common phenomenon that occurs due to a chemical reaction called enzymatic browning. The appearance, flavor and nutritional value of the fruit are all affected by this reaction. Some fruits, such as apples, pears, bananas, avocados and peaches, are more prone to enzymatic browning than others. These fruits contain high levels of an enzyme called polyphenol oxidase, or PPO for short. __1__ This causes a chain of chemical reactions that ultimately transforms the phenolic compounds into
There are several methods to prevent or slow down enzymatic browning in fruit. __3__ This lowers the pH level of the fruit tissue, causing the PPO to be far less active. Another method is to store the fruit in an airtight container or to wrap it tightly with plastic wrap. Doing this will reduce its exposure to oxygen. __4__ Although fruit that has undergone enzymatic browning may look less appealing, it is still safe to eat. However, by using one of these simple methods, you can enjoy fresh-looking fruit for a longer period. 有一些方法能避免或減緩水果的酶促褐變。其中一個有效的方式就是在切片水果的表面塗上酸性物質,像是檸檬汁或醋。這樣做能降低水果組織的酸鹼值,讓 PPO 更不為活躍。另一個方式是將水果存放在密封的容器內,或用保鮮膜將其緊緊包住。這樣做會減少水果與氧氣的接觸。快速蒸一下切片水果或將其短暫浸泡在滾水中也能使PPO失去活性,並終止 PPO 與空氣的作用。 雖然經歷酶促褐變的水果可能看起來較不吸引人,但仍然可以安全食用。然而,藉由採用這些簡單方法中的其中一個,你就能在更長的一段時間享用看起來新鮮的水果。 What Did You