Mon, Feb 28, 2000 page8

• Disillusion forged a new identity

  • By Yang Ching-tsu
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  From the poems written in the classical style by the victims of the 228 Incident (二二八事件), we sense the longing of Taiwanese intellectuals for the Chinese motherland. Under the Japanese occupation era, many Taiwanese hoped that China could become prosperous, striking a blow for Taiwanese suffering under colonial rule. However, as soon as they came into contract with the motherland, they where disillusioned.

  Wu Cho-liu's (吳濁流) book The Orphans of Asia (亞細亞的孤兒) tells of a Taiwanese living under Japanese. Living under a foreign regime, the character describes himself as an orphan of Asia. When the character returns to the motherland to pursue his dream, he was totally disappointed with everything he sees. The experience gave him even stronger feelings of alienation. At the end, the character goes mad due to a sense of hopelessness.

  Wu also became disillusioned about the motherland during the Japanese occupation era. Other Taiwanese intellectuals did not become disillusioned until they came to understand the true nature of the Chinese after the 228 Incident in 1947.

  A Collection of Three-hundred Classic Taiwanese Poems (台灣古典詩選三百首), currently a work in progress, discusses the poems of two of the most representative intellectuals of the time: Lin Mou-sheng (林茂生) and Chen Hsin (陳炘).

  Both Lin and Chen were victims of the 228 Incident.

  After August 15 -- By Lin Mou-sheng

  The dark cloud of war went away with the Japanese emperor's call for peace // Boundless rivers and hills were returned to the great Chinese empire.

  The people came to understand the true nature of Japan, the favor of heaven, who boasts about her war-like prowess // Who would have thought that China, the heaven blessed phoenix, would have such good strategies;

  Tormented by the loss of Chinese soil over the past three-thousand days // I was made a prisoner for fifty years in a foreign land.

  I am now able to take off the hat of the Japanese prisoner // In my old age I can now live in freedom like the seagulls.

  八月十五日以後 -- 林茂生著

  一聲和議黯雲收萬里河山返帝州.

  也識天驕誇善戰那知麟鳳有良籌.

  痛心漢土三千日,孤憤楚國五十秋.

  從此南冠欣脫卻,殘年儘可付閒鶴.

  Lin was the first Taiwanese to be awarded a US doctorate in Philosophy. After WWII, he served as the Dean of Liberal Arts at the National Taiwan University. He also found the newspaper Min Pao (民報, The People's Newspaper.) and served as the paper's president. Through his participation in politics he became disappointed in the motherland. Therefore, he resigned. This Taiwanese leader who once held high hopes for the motherland was dissatisfied with the government of the KMT. He advocated the position that Taiwanese be ruled by Taiwanese. Possibly because of this position, Lin was arrested and disappeared after the 228 Incident. He was executed secretly without trial.

  Arrest -- By Chen Hsin

  I shed tears in sorrow all my life over the loss of the motherland's rivers and hills // However, since retrocession, I have experienced many emotions.

  I led the Taiwanese crowd in hailing the return of the motherland. // However, I was put into a new jail by the motherland amidst the welcoming cheers.

  被拘 -- 陳炘著

  平生暗淚故山河,光復如今感慨多.

  一籲三台齊奮起,歡呼聲裡入新牢.

  Chen is one of the few Taiwanese economists who studied in the US during the Japanese occupation era. In 1925, he returned to Taiwan after receiving his degree. He organized the Tatung Trust Company (大東信托株式會社) with Lin Hsien-tang (林獻堂) the year after his return and served as its General Manager. After the war, the company was renamed the Taiwan Trust Company (台灣信托公司) and then subsequently merged with the Hua Nan Bank (華南銀行).

  Chen also sat on the economic committee of the Taiwan People's Party (台灣民眾黨) and participated in political and social movements including the Taiwan Local Autonomy Alliance (台灣地方自治聯盟). Chen was also well-known for his anti-Japan stance. After the war, Chen was arrested on suspicion of involvements with the Taiwan independence movement even as he was busy setting up an organizational committee to welcome the KMT government.

  He wrote the above poem while he was in jail. Charges were eventually dropped against Chen and he was released. After the 228 Incident erupted, Chen was again arrested on charges of being "a leader of a rebellious conspiracy" and disappeared. He had earned the enmity of Chen Yi (陳儀), the governor, for his participation in Chang Wei-shui's (蔣渭水) Taiwan Provincial Political Development Association (台灣省政府建設協會) and his fate is still unknown.

  After Taiwanese intellectuals became disillusioned with the motherland through the 228 Incident, a Taiwanese consciousness began to emerged.

  Many intellectuals who took refuge overseas began a Taiwan independence movement. To accomplish the goal of securing its rule of Taiwan, the KMT engaged in brainwashing and party-education to shape a great China mentality.

  But the democratic movement in Taiwan during these past 20-30 years has severed the umbilical cord tieing us to the dream of a great motherland. Although some of us retain a Chinese consciousness after prolonged brain-washing, we have learned to put Taiwan first. We no longer feel like orphans, but nor do we hold on to a dream of a motherland.

  Yang Ching-Tsu is a writer based in Kaohsiung.
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