A gold standard for beer connoisseurs, the Trappist ale in Westmalle Abbey streams through state-of-the-art equipment with not a monk in sight.
It’s thoroughly in accord with strict criteria — that brewing be carried out within the walls of a Trappist abbey and controlled by monks — but shows the changes wrought on the potent ales by modern life and aging monastic populations.
“The requirements are a lot greater these days,” said Westmalle director Philippe Van Assche as he stood beside a 10 million euro (US$15 million) bottling plant. “You need a lab, there are health standards to meet, bottling too — so a certain size is required.”
Achel, Chimay, Orval, Rochefort, Westmalle and Westvleteren from Belgium and La Trappe from the Netherlands are the world’s only Trappist brews.
They are distinct in Belgium from Abbey beers, which are commercially produced with links to a monastery or just given monastic branding. Anheuser-Busch InBev’s Leffe, for example, is named after a real abbey, but brewed in a 6 million hectoliter capacity plant.
“Trappist beers are the ultimate appellation controlee in the beer world,” said Tim Webb, author of Good Beer Guide Belgium. “Trappist breweries wish to be great quality, although there are some great Abbey beers around.”
But the average age of monks in their late 60s or 70s in some abbeys begs questions about the future.
Some communities could disappear, acknowledges the abbot of Koningshoeven Abbey in the Netherlands, where monks still prepare gift packages of its La Trappe beer.
“Keeping the brewery going then would not be part of our philosophy,” said Brother Bernardus. “The brewery is there to serve the community, not the other way round.”
For now, business is rosy, resisting a global trend of declining volumes and a recessionary shift to cheaper brands. People with a penchant for Chimay or Westmalle are still prepared to pay for their luxury tipple.
Monks may no longer show up on the factory floor at Westmalle, but they ensure its marketing is earnest and have capped production at 12 million liters, making it the second largest Trappist brewer, after Chimay.
‘ORA ET LABORA’
“There’s more demand than we can supply. We’ve not seen any tail-off,” said Van Assche, adding that the monks on the brewery’s board had decided to limit volumes. “We’re here to serve the abbey and, according to the monks, we make enough.”
A manifestation of the injunction ora et labora (pray and work), Trappist beers have been brewed in abbeys for centuries.
SELF-SUPPORTING
The tenet that monasteries be self-supporting has also led Benedictines in southern Germany to brew the likes of Andechs, Ettal and Weltenburg.
Trappist beers have acquired a high profile, partly thanks to beer lovers on the Internet who like the fact most of the profit goes to charitable projects.
“There’s a lot of feel-good imagery, some of which is justified,” beer expert Webb said. “The profit is going to a charitable cause rather than an executive’s Mercedes.”
Success has come despite no advertising, sober marketing and business practices that may seem antiquated.
Westmalle gives no reduction for buying in bulk — the wholesale price is the same for 1 bottle or 1,000. A decade ago Belgian retailers protested by clearing Westmalle from their shelves, but later relented due to consumer demand.
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