1. 部長由總統任命，直接對總統負責。
ˇ The Secretary serves at the pleasure of the President and is responsible directly to the President.
χ The Secretary serves at the pleasure of the President and is responsible directly for the President.
Photo: AdobeStock l 照片：AdobeStock
註：「對人負責」，用 to be responsible to；說「對事負責」，用 to be responsible for。例如：
The government is responsible to the people.
The government is responsible for the welfare of the people.
Photo: AdobeStock l 照片：AdobeStock
合起來，可以說 The government is responsible to the people for their welfare.。serve at the pleasure of 也可以說 is appointed by。
2. 有家教老師輔導，露西考上好大學。
ˇ With the help of a tutor, Lucie got into a good college.
χ Under the help of a tutor, Lucie got into a good college.
註：with 含有「在……幫助之下」、「有了……」、「借……」之意。
「在……的領導、統治、支配之下」則用under，例如：under the leadership of the President, under the supervision / authority of the Ministry of Education 等。
3. 我對她生起氣來了。
ˇ I became angry with her.
χ I became angry to her.
註：說「對人生氣」一般用 to be angry with someone。說「對事生氣」用 to be angry about / at something。例如：
Don’t be angry about/at trifles.
4. 對熟悉的朋友我們無需拘泥禮節。
ˇ One needn’t be overly formal with close friends.
χ One needn’t be overly formal to close friends.
註：與 formal 連用的介詞是 with。其他尚有 to be strict with, to be familiar with 等。
5. 在不同氣候的國家，人們過著不同的生活。
ˇ People living in countries with different climates lead different lives.
χ People living in countries of different climates lead different lives.
註：「不同氣候的國家」意思是「有著不同氣候的國家」，應該用 countries with different climates。如用 of，則有「屬於不同氣候的……」之意，就不確切。
Exercises:
A. 作為一座多元族群的城市，伊斯坦堡歷史上一直是文化熔爐與經濟中心。
As a city __________ diverse populations, Istanbul served as a melting pot of cultures and a hub for economic activity for much of its history.
1. to 2. of 3. for 4. about
B. 2022年斯里蘭卡人民對國家的經濟崩潰感到憤怒，導致大規模示威。
In 2022, Sri Lankans became angry __________ the severe economic meltdown of their country, leading to mass protests.
1. to 0022. of 3. for 4. about
Answers:
A. 2 B. 4
文章由書林出版公司提供：
www.bookman.com.tw
蘇正隆 — 台灣翻譯學學會前理事長、師大翻譯研究所兼任副教授; 編著《走讀自然.花言樹語》，《英語的對與錯》，《世紀病毒：必讀防疫英文知識與詞彙》...等。國家教育研究院中英雙語詞彙審議委員；研究領域為翻譯、術語及詞典編譯，從事植物與人文導覽數十年，亦曾應邀遠赴國外大學做植物人文導覽。
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