1. 他沒有看過那部電影，我也沒有看過。
ˇ He hasn’t seen the movie. I haven’t seen it, either.
χ He hasn’t seen the movie. I haven’t seen it, too.
Photo: AdobeStock l 照片：AdobeStock
註：too 表示「也」，在肯定句中與 also 同義且更口語。too 一般放在句尾，或作為插入語放在句中；also 通常靠近動詞，不放在句尾。例如：
He likes chocolate; I also like it.
He likes chocolate; I like it, too.
Photo: AdobeStock l 照片：AdobeStock
表示「也不」，不可以在否定語的後面用 too，應用 either 或用 nor 表示否定。但口語裡有時為了強調也把 also 放在否定語的前面。例如：
He doesn’t like Gone With the Wind; I don’t like it, either.
He doesn’t like Gone With the Wind; I also don’t like it.
He doesn’t know her phone number; nor do I.
2. 他不難過，我也不難過。
ˇ He was not upset. Neither/Nor was I.
χ He was not upset. So was I.
註：承接前句述詞的動作，因而構成新的句子時，新句子的詞序是動詞在前，主詞在後。但應注意：肯定時用副詞 so，否定時用 neither 或 nor。例如：
He likes to play the guitar, and so do I.
He likes playing the piano, and so do I.
He doesn’t like playing tennis; neither/nor do we.
He wouldn’t go to church; neither/nor would you.
He can’t whistle; neither/nor can you.
3. 連小學生都不會相信這樣的謊言。
ˇ Not even schoolchildren will believe such a lie.
ˇ Even schoolchildren will not believe such a lie.
χ Even no schoolchildren will believe such a lie.
註：「連……也不……」用 not even... 或 even... not...，而不可用 even no...。
/
4. 他還沒有來。
ˇ He has not arrived yet.
χ He has still not arrived.
註：在一般否定句中表示「還」、「尚」、「至今還」應用 yet，不用 still，比較：
He is still here.（現尚在此）
He is not here yet.（尚未來此）
在肯定句中二者可以通用。例如：There is yet ( ＝ still) time.
5. 他什麼時候會到？他剛到。
ˇ When will he be here? He has just arrived.
ˇ When will he be here? He arrived just now.
χ When will he be here? He just arrived.
註：just 作「剛才」、「方才」解，一般與完成時態連用。just now 作「片刻之前」（= not long ago）解，與過去一般時態連用；作 at this moment 解，則與現在一般時態連用。例如：He is rather busy just now.。
Exercises
A. 他不知道她的住址，我也不知道。
He doesn’t know her address; __________ do I.
1. so 2. either 3. also 4. nor
B. 我去過波士頓，她也去過。
I have been to Boston, and __________ has she.
1. so 2. too 3. also 4. either
Answers:
A. 4 B. 1
文章由書林出版公司提供：
www.bookman.com.tw
蘇正隆 — 台灣翻譯學學會前理事長、師大翻譯研究所兼任副教授; 編著《走讀自然.花言樹語》，《英語的對與錯》，《世紀病毒：必讀防疫英文知識與詞彙》...等。國家教育研究院中英雙語詞彙審議委員；研究領域為翻譯、術語及詞典編譯，從事植物與人文導覽數十年，亦曾應邀遠赴國外大學做植物人文導覽。
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