Dos & Don’ts — 想想看，這句話英語該怎麼說？
1. 許多聽眾出席演講。
ˇ A large audience attended the speech.
Photo: AdobeStock l 圖片:AdobeStock
χ A large number of audience attended the speech.
註：audience 為聽眾或觀眾的總稱，不是個別的人。「聽眾多」應說 a large audience，「聽眾少」應說 a small audience。
2. 他的衣服快穿破了。
Photo: Adobe Stock l 圖片:Adobe Stock
ˇ His clothes are almost worn out.
χ His clothes is almost worn out.
註：clothes 統指衣服，只有複數而且不能與數詞連用。具體表示某一種衣服的名詞可有單複數，如 garment、dress、coat 或 overcoat 等。「一套衣服」的量詞應該用 a suit of clothes，指上衣和褲子或裙子布料、款式一致的整套衣服。
3. 你們是日本人，他們是英國人。
ˇ You are Japanese. They are English/Britons.
χ You are Japanese. They are Englishmen.
χ You are Japanese. They are Englishman.
註：表示民族的名詞，其單複數形式不定，舉例如下：
單數 / 複數
a Chinese / Chinese 中國人
a Japanese / Japanese 日本人
a Russian / Russians 俄國人
a German / Germans 德國人
an American / Americans 美國人
an Englishman / Englishmen
a Briton / Britons 英國人
a Dutchman / Dutchmen 荷蘭人
注意：Englishman 一詞現已逐漸少用。目前也有趨勢是多用民族的形容詞來代替其名詞，如：
說 I’m Jewish.（我是猶太人）而不說 I’m a Jew. 同理，He’s American.不宜說 He’s an American.
（請留意香港人是 Hongkonger，不說 *Hongkongese。）
4. 她沒有叫多少菜。
ˇ She did not order too much food.
χ She did not order too many foods.
註：food 是不可數名詞，應與量詞一起用，如 three pieces / items of food（三樣食物），a few bits of food（幾樣菜）或 a table of food（一桌菜）。
5. 昨天我買了六塊肥皂。
ˇ Yesterday I bought six cakes of soap.
χ Yesterday I bought six soaps.
註：英語中的 soap、chalk、furniture、bread、information 等為不可數名詞，需要計數時，前面要加表示單位的量詞，如：a cake / tablet / bar of soap、three pieces of chalk、five pieces of furniture、a loaf of bread 等。
Exercises:
A. 昨天我們買了兩件家具。
Yesterday we bought two __________.
1. pieces of furnitures 2. pieces of furniture
3. furnitures 4. furniture
B. 許多聽眾參加那次音樂會。
A __________ audience attended the concert.
1. big 2. many
3. large 4. much
Answers: A. 2 B. 3
文章由書林出版公司提供：
www.bookman.com.tw
蘇正隆 — 台灣翻譯學學會前理事長、師大翻譯研究所兼任副教授; 編著《走讀自然.花言樹語》，《英語的對與錯》，《世紀病毒：必讀防疫英文知識與詞彙》...等。國家教育研究院中英雙語詞彙審議委員；研究領域為翻譯、術語及詞典編譯，從事植物與人文導覽數十年，亦曾應邀遠赴國外大學做植物人文導覽。
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