去年馬斯克（Elon Musk）收購Twitter的話題與爭議不斷，而一直以來，許多投資人認為馬斯克應該辭去Twitter執行長並專注於特斯拉的營運。一向善於用Twitter進行民意調查的他在去年12月19日發起投票，決定他是否應辭去Twitter執行長一職，最終結果出爐超過半數的人認為他應該辭職。對此，馬斯克決定履行承諾，並於上周表示，將在年底任命繼任的推特執行長人選。本次讓我們從這則新聞來學辭職相關的單字和用法，在TOEIC測驗職場情境中非常實用喔！
各種辭職用法
辭職有幾個簡單的講法，例如常見的 quit a/the job, 也可以用 leave a/the job。quit 有「放棄的」意思，後面可以接名詞，如果要用動詞則需要以動名詞Ving的型態呈現。
Photo courtesy of Pixabay 照片：Pixabay提供
March, the month after Lunar New Year, tends to be a popular time for people to quit their jobs. （三月，農曆年後，往往是很多人選擇辭職的時間。）
Ms O’Donnell decided to leave her job to pursue an advanced degree.
（歐唐納女士決定辭去工作以攻讀研究所學位。）
an advanced degree 通常是指「學士後的學位」，如「研究所學位」。
step down
step down 也可以形容「辭職」，由字面上可以得知是「下台、走下來」的意思，不僅可以用來表示「（政府官員的）下台」，再加上as（職位），可以用來表達「辭去某個職位」，如同馬斯克在推特上的發言寫著：
Should I step down as head of Twitter? I will abide by the results of this poll.
（我應該要辭去推特的執行長一職嗎？我將會遵循這份民調的結果。）
abide (v)是「遵守」的意思，通常後面會加上介系詞by，譬如「遵守規定」可以說 abide by the rule。
All scholarship recipients must abide by the rules and regulations of the University College.（所有獎學金獲獎者必須遵守大學學院的規章制度。）
resign
此外，「辭職」有個常用的動詞resign (v)，名詞為resignation。「辭職信」或「通知」可以簡單用resignation 表達，或是resignation letter/notice，「遞交」辭職信時的動詞可以用give、hand it、turn it 或 tender（正式提出、提供）等。
It’s better to make sure that you have a new job before you hand in your resignation.
（在遞交辭職信之前，最好確保你已經找到了一份新工作。）
解雇 lay off、開除 fire
馬斯克入主推特後進行一系列人事改組、解僱（lay off；跟fire 開除不同）不少員工，因此招致許多批評。員工的離開有自願和非自願，不管是哪一種，都可以用termination of employment「終止僱傭關係」來形容關係結束。terminate 是TOEIC 測驗高頻出現的動詞，表示end「終止」；terminate 也常用於說明「（合約的）終止」，因為雇用關係也會簽合約，因此名詞形式為termination。
To terminate the lease, please notify us one month before the contract date. Otherwise, the lease will be automatically extended.
（欲終止租約，請在合約截止日期前一週通知我們，否則租約將自動續約。）
在離職時要如何表達自己的意願呢？這時可以使用形容詞voluntary「自願的」，相反就是involuntary「非自願的」，相信許多人看到這個單字時，就會想到「志工」。volunteer (v/n) 也就是用了相同的字根「vol- 」，這個字根的原意是「意志，義工」，而「自願」就是出自於自己的「意志」。
接手後續工作
員工離職後，需要有人接手這項工作，英文可以用take the job 來說明，若是由公司內部同仁，或者重新招募合適的人選，則可以用take over「接管、接手」這個動詞片語來表達。
The company wants someone internal to take over Ms Chen’s position when she retires in May.（在陳女士五月退休時，公司希望由內部人員接替他的職位。）
此外，接替某人的工作也可以用動詞replace (v) 來形容，而來「接替的人」就是用名詞replacement來表示。
Mr Johnson is leaving next month, but we still haven’t found a replacement yet.
（強生先生下個月就要離職了，我們尚未找到接替的人。）
【TOEIC多益模擬試題】
1. The company policy requires you to give two weeks’ notice before ________.
(A) resign (B) resigning (C) resigned (D) to resign
2. Since we’re currently understaffed, Clare agreed to ________ the responsibilities of planning our annual outdoor advertising campaign.
(A) take on
(B) take into
(C) take of
(D) take from
【解析】
1. 正解為(B)。本題是文法題，句意為「公司要求離職兩週前要提出通知。」before後方可以加上before you resign，若要省略主詞you，則需要將resign 改成 resigning的形式即可，故(B)為正確答案。
2. 正解為(A)。本題為單字題，句意為「由於目前我們人手不足，因此克萊兒 同意承擔企劃年度大型廣告的活動。」take on 可以解釋為「承接新職務或職責」，符合句意，顧(A)為正確答案。
SOURCE: https://www.toeic.com.tw/info/article/toeic-power/news/elon-musk-step-down
文章由TOEIC Program Taiwan · Chun Shin提供：
www.facebook.com/ToeicProgramTaiwan
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