1. 他走出門，左右看一下，就過了馬路。
ˇ He walked outside, looked left and right, and crossed the road.
χ He walked outside and looked left and right, crossed the road.
Photo: Adobe Stock l 圖片:Adobe Stock
註︰並列連接詞 and 在這句中連接三個述語。一般的結構是 x, y, and z。x and y and z 是加強語氣的結構，x and y, z 則不可以。
2. 他們知道自己的弱點以及如何趕上其他競爭者。
ˇ They saw where their weak points lay and how they could catch up with the other competitors.
χ They saw where their weak points lay and how to catch up with the other competitors.
註：and 一般連接同等成分，結構相等的單詞、片語或子句。誤句中 and 的前面是子句，後面是不定詞片語，不能用 and 連接，必須把不定詞片語改為子句，and 前後的結構才相等。
3. 她坐上計程車，直接到機場。
ˇ She took a cab, which took her straight to the airport.
ˇ She took a cab and it took her straight to the airport.
χ She took a cab, and which took her straight to the airport.
註：She took a cab 是主句，which took her straight to the airport 是從屬句，which 已經是連接詞，不能再用 and 連接。下列句子屬同類錯誤：
3-1. 昨天我去看一位朋友，他借我這張唱片。
ˇ I went to visit a friend yesterday and he lent me this record.
ˇ Yesterday I went to visit a friend, who lent me this record.
χ I went to visit a friend yesterday and who lent me this record.
註：who lent me this record 是非限定（non-restrictive）附屬子句，即附加補充說明的，因此與主要子句間要用逗點分開，以下是含有限定附屬子句的句子，who 之前不用逗點：
Yesterday I went to see a friend who just came back from England.
（昨天我去看一位剛從英國回來的朋友。）
4. 和我們所得到的訊息相反，他鋼琴彈得不好。
ˇ Contrary to what we were informed, he isn’t a good pianist.
χ Contrary to that we were informed, he isn’t a good pianist.
註：what ＝ that which，作 were told 的主詞，what 所引導的從屬句又作 contrary to 的受詞。that 引導名詞從屬句，是連接詞，在從屬句中不起其他作用。下列句中的 what，不可寫成 that：
I don’t know what happened.
He is not what he used to be.
5. 我昨天看的書很棒。
ˇ The book I read yesterday is amazing.
χ Yesterday I read the book is amazing.
註：中文裡「書」是句子的主詞，「我昨天看的」用以修飾「書」，在英語中應以「書」在前，後接限定形容詞子句。
Exercises
A. 我昨天去看一位朋友，他借我這本書。
Yesterday I went to visit a friend, __________ lent me this book.
1. whom
2. and who
3. whose
4. who
B. 我昨天晚上看的電影很精采。
__________ is very exciting.
1. The film I saw last night
2. Last night I saw the film
3. I saw the film last night
4. Last night the film saw I
Answers:
A. 4
B. 1
文章由書林出版公司提供：
www.bookman.com.tw
蘇正隆 — 台灣翻譯學學會前理事長、師大翻譯研究所兼任副教授; 編著《走讀自然.花言樹語》，《英語的對與錯》，《世紀病毒：必讀防疫英文知識與詞彙》...等。國家教育研究院中英雙語詞彙審議委員；研究領域為翻譯、術語及詞典編譯，從事植物與人文導覽數十年，亦曾應邀遠赴國外大學做植物人文導覽。
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