Sat, May 26, 2018 page14

• Bilingual Arts: The Art of Chen Uen (part I) 雙語藝術：鄭問（一）

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  Taiwanese manga artist Chen Uen (1958 — 2017) was known for employing a range of techniques in his illustrations, the breadth of which had not previously been seen in manga comics. Each illustration could be seen as a work of art in its own right.

  His 1985 work Legends of Assassins was the world’s first series of manga comics using ink painting, and revisited the spirit and images of the heroes of the Records of the Grand Historian using traditional Chinese painting materials.

  His Heroes of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, serialized in Japan from March, 1990, won him acclaim from the Japanese, who called him an “Asian treasure.” Take Lord Xinling (photo 1) in vol. I for example, Chen paints Lord Xinling’s head, headwear, shield and right hand using classic Western realism painting techniques in meticulous detail, while the outline of his cloak is painted in a few broad sweeps of the brush.

  

  Photo 1: “Lord Xinling” from Heroes of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty I. December 1990. Watercolor and ink on xuan paper. 42.5 (H) × 30 (W) cm. 圖一：〈信陵君無忌〉，選自《東周英雄傳1》。一九九○年十二月。宣紙、水彩、墨。四二‧五（高）× 三○（寬）公分。

  Photo courtesy of Chung Meng-shun, Chen Uen Studio
  照片：鄭問工作室鍾孟舜提供

  This treatment of clothing and the body give rise to associations with the abstract rendering of Liang Kai of the Southern Song Dynasty, with his Li Bai in Stroll (see Bilingual Arts on Dec. 30). In his extremely realistic rendering of the head coupled with the abstract cloak in the same painting, however, Chen creates the strongest possible juxtaposition of detailed realism and spirited freehand, at once his sensitive nature as well as the bold non-pretension.

  Michaelangelo believed the sculptor’s task was to release the statue from inside the stone; Auguste Rodin’s carvings had well-finished forms emerging from roughly hewn stone. Having studied sculpture himself, Chen would have been no stranger to this concept, as we can see from his rendering of Lord Xinling springing out from the paper.

  Chen was commissioned to illustrate over 200 characters for the Japanese computer game producer GameArts’ 2001 historical strategy game Chen Uen no San Goku Shi (Chen Uen’s Romance of the Three Kingdoms). Luoyang in Flames (photo 2) depicts the scene of Dong Zhuo setting fire to the city of Luoyang, grasping a young Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty in his hand. The city of Luoyang in the background, engulfed in flames and black smoke, were unmistakably Chen’s work, something no other artist could have achieved, using the command over perspective and architectural drawing that he had perfected in the interior design studio he had established.

  

  Photo 2: “Luoyang in Flames,” from Chen Uen no San Goku Shi. 2001. Acrylic paint on Italian watercolor paper. 50 (H) × 71 (W) cm. 圖二：〈洛陽大火〉，選自《鄭問之三國誌》。二○○一年。義大利水彩紙、壓克力顏料。五○（高）× 七一（寬）公分。

  Photo courtesy of Chung Meng-shun, Chen Uen Studio
  照片：鄭問工作室鍾孟舜提供

  A selection of Chen Uen’s work will be on display at the National Palace Museum in Taipei from June.

  (Translated by Paul Cooper)

  在鄭問（一九五八～二○一七）之前，我們不知道漫畫竟可以有這麼多樣的技法、這樣氣勢滂礡、這樣令人久久注視，每一格都可以是一件藝術作品。

  一九八五年的《刺客列傳》，是史上第一部水墨連環漫畫，以中國傳統的繪畫媒材重現《史記》中俠士的靈魂與身影。

  一九九○年三月起在日本連載的《東周英雄傳》，讓日人稱鄭問為「亞洲至寶」。以第一冊中的〈信陵君無忌〉（圖一）為例，信陵君的頭部、冠飾、盔甲及右手掌，是以西洋古典寫實的畫法細緻營造出色彩如真的幻覺，而他的披風卻是以極粗獷的黑白水墨幾筆刷出輪廓。

  這樣的衣著身形處理方式，令人聯想起南宋梁楷《李白行吟圖》的抽象寫意（見去年十二月三十日的「雙語藝術」單元）。然而，鄭問以極度寫實的頭部，與極度抽象的披風，將寫實與寫意間的距離拉到最大，並置到同一個畫面，呈現了人物性格的細緻與豪邁。

  米開朗基羅認為，雕塑是把靈魂從石頭中解放出來，許多羅丹的作品也保留了原始石材，如形體正由渾沌中創生──學雕塑出身的鄭問想必對此並不陌生。如粗糙石材中逐步雕出的精緻形象，我們彷彿見證〈信陵君無忌〉的肉身自平面竄出。

  《鄭問之三國誌》是日本電玩遊戲公司GameArts二○○一年所發行的歷史戰略遊戲，邀請鄭問繪製其中兩百多位人物的肖像。〈洛陽大火〉（圖二）呈現了董卓火燒洛陽城、挾持年幼漢獻帝的景象。背景烈焰與黑煙中的洛陽城，皆為鄭問親筆所繪──他曾開設室內設計公司，因而此處透視法及描繪建築的功力遠非一般畫家所能及。

  鄭問的作品六月起將在台北國立故宮博物院展出。

  （台北時報林俐凱）
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