歡迎閱讀《週日科學版》！我們每週日都要為你介紹可以在家中進行的有趣科學實驗。你可以在《科學日誌》中記錄自己做了哪些活動，這樣就可以將所學的紀錄下來，比較這些結果，也許還可以利用它們來設計新的實驗！先看一下《科學日誌》的點子再開始吧。展開實驗之前，記得要獲得大人許可喔！
This week we're going to make a Cartesian diver, which is an eyedropper that you can make sink by pressing the sides of a soda bottle.
What you will need:
PHOTO: MICHAEL KEARNEY, TAIPEI TIMES
A clear two-liter soda bottle (with the cap)
An eyedropper
Water
A small coin (optional)
Tape (optional)
▲ Completely fill the soda bottle with water.
▲Place the eyedropper into the soda bottle. Put enough water into the eyedropper that it just barely floats (but you'll need to leave some air in it). If the eyedropper floats even when it's full of water, you'll need to use tape to attach a coin or another object to it to weigh it down.
▲Put the cap on the soda bottle.
▲ Squeeze the sides of the soda bottle. The eyedropper should sink. When you let go of the bottle, the eyedropper should float. (MICHAEL KEARNEY, STAFF WRITER)
本週我們要來做「浮沉子」實驗，實驗中你可以藉由按壓汽水瓶瓶身讓滴管下沉。
所需材料︰
一個乾淨的兩公升汽水瓶（附瓶蓋）
一支滴管
水
一枚小硬幣（可有可無）
膠帶（可有可無）
▲將汽水瓶完全裝滿水。
▲將滴管放入汽水瓶中，在滴管中裝入適量的水，使它正好漂起（但你得在滴管中留一點空氣），若滴管裝滿水時還浮在水面上，你就得用膠帶黏一枚硬幣或其他物品在滴管上，使它增加重量下沉。
▲將汽水瓶蓋子蓋上。
▲擠壓汽水瓶身，滴管應該會下沉，當你鬆手時，滴管會浮上來。（翻譯 �袁星塵）
What's the science? 科學原理
Boyle's law is a law about gases. It states that if you increase the pressure on a gas, its volume decreases. This is like if you were to squeeze a balloon, the pressure of the air inside the balloon increases while the volume of the air decreases. When you squeeze the bottle, the pressure inside it increases. That forces some water into the eyedropper, which decreases the volume of the air.Density equals mass divided by volume (density = mass/volume). Decreasing the volume increases its density.When the density of the eyedropper and the water and air inside it is greater than that of water, it sinks. When you stop squeezing the bottle, the pressure decreases and the eyedropper floats. It's important to remember that the mass of the air in the eyedropper doesn't change during this experiment.
波以耳定律是關於氣體的定律，該定律說明若增加氣體的壓力，氣體的體積就會變小，這就像你若擠壓一個氣球，氣球內空氣的壓力增加，體積卻變小。當你擠壓瓶子時，瓶內的壓力增加，迫使一些水流入滴管，因此減少了空氣的體積。密度等於質量除以體積（密度＝質量÷體積），當體積減少，密度就會增加。當滴管及管內的水和空氣的密度比水的密度大時，滴管就會下沉；當你停止擠壓汽水瓶，壓力減小，滴管就會浮起。請特別注意，滴管內空氣的質量在實驗中並沒有改變。
Street lights are often taken for granted until a power outage plunges the world into darkness. When that happens, the value of these lighting installations becomes evident as the world turns into a more dangerous place for pedestrians and motorists alike. The Chinese could claim to be the first to have constructed a crude type of street light. Around 500 BC, residents of Beijing employed a type of street lamp that used hollow bamboo pipes and natural gas vents to create burning torches. Later, ancient Romans adopted lamps fueled by vegetable oil, which relied on slaves to light and
A: Who else is on Billboard’s list: “The 25 greatest pop stars of the 21st Century?” B: No. 15 to 6 are: Miley Cyrus, Justin Timberlake, Nicki Minaj, Eminem, Usher, Adele, Ariana Grande, Justin Bieber, Kanye West and Britney Spears. A: I can’t believe that Adele’s only at No. 10. B: No. 5 to 1 are: Lady Gaga, Drake, Rihanna, Taylor Swift and Beyonce. A: Well, they surely deserve the honor. A: 《告示牌》雜誌的「21世紀最偉大的25位流行歌手」，還有誰上榜啊？ B: 第15至6名是：麥莉希拉、大賈斯汀、妮姬米娜、阿姆、亞瑟小子、愛黛兒、亞莉安娜、小賈斯汀、肯伊威斯特、小甜甜布蘭妮。 A: 真不敢相信愛黛兒只排第10名。 B: 第5至1名是：女神卡卡、德瑞克、蕾哈娜、泰勒絲、碧昂絲。 A: 這幾位真是實至名歸！ （By Eddy Chang, Taipei Times／台北時報張聖恩）
Undersea cables are conductors wrapped in insulating materials and laid on the seabed. Their main functions are telecommunications or power transmission. The core of the undersea cables used for Internet signals is optical fiber, using light to transmit Internet signals. Taiwan’s communications are currently handled by 10 domestic undersea cables and 14 international undersea cables. About 99 percent of Taiwan’s Internet bandwidth relies on undersea cables, making them Taiwan’s “digital lifeline.” The demands on the cables’ bandwidth are only set to increase with the development of artificial intelligence (AI), which relies on the data fed into it. Today, data is
Spoiler alert and shift blame 破梗&甩鍋 在新冠疫情期間，無論是因為封城 (lockdown) 還是居家隔離 (self-isolation at home)，人們關在家中使用網路的時間大增。這也讓一些原本只存在於網路論壇的用語廣為普及。我們來談一下破梗 (spoiler alert) 與甩鍋 (shift blame) 這兩個用語。 有位古典文學教授 Joel Christensen 針對領導統御與疫情控制寫了一篇以古喻今、相當深入的文章：“Plagues follow bad leadership in ancient Greek tales”，文中出現一些講法，可用來翻譯上述的流行語： In the 5th century B.C., the playwright Sophocles begins Oedipus Tyrannos with the title character struggling to identify the cause of a plague striking his city, Thebes. (Spoiler alert: It’s his own bad leadership.) (Joel Christensen, “Plagues follow bad leadership in ancient Greek tales,” The Conversation, March 12, 2020) 作者提到 Oedipus（伊底帕斯）想找出瘟疫何以降臨他的城邦的緣由，加了一句：Spoiler alert: It’s his own bad leadership.（破梗：領導無方）。Spoiler alert 就是「破梗」，如果用在有人洩漏電影劇情的情境中，也可以翻作「小心爆雷」或「劇透警告」。疫情之下，在家看影集、電影成了很多人的娛樂，但要小心劇透 (spoilers)，很多 YouTube 上的影評在開頭也都會說 Spoiler alert!，警告還沒看過電影的觀眾小心爆雷、劇透。 至於「甩鍋」，源自大陸網民用語，通常意指某人犯了錯之後想推卸責任、轉移焦點、甚至讓別人背黑鍋的做法。疫情爆發後，相關網路資訊量爆增，許多中國網民也想找人為這場疫情負責，紛紛呼籲地方政府首長、地方黨書記不要「甩鍋」。 其實，在古代文學《奧德賽》中，就有「將自己的責任怪罪眾神」的說法，試用時下流行的「甩鍋」來重新翻譯： Humans are always blaming the gods for their suffering, but they experience
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