The US announced it is opening a trade investigation into Vietnam’s currency policy to determine whether an undervalued dong hurts US businesses.
US Trade Representative Robert Lighthizer announced the so-called 301 case late on Friday in Washington, which would also target the country’s import of illegal timber.
The probe follows determinations in August by the US departments of the Treasury and Commerce that Vietnam had manipulated its currency in a specific trade case involving tires.
“Unfair currency practices can harm US workers and businesses that compete with Vietnamese products that may be artificially lower-priced because of currency undervaluation,” Lighthizer said in a statement. “We will carefully review the results of the investigation and determine what, if any, actions it may be appropriate to take.”
The Vietnamese Ministry of Foreign Affairs did not respond to an e-mail request for comment.
Vietnam’s central bank this week cut interest rates for the third time this year, seeking to bolster a gradual economic recovery.
The country’s export-reliant economy, a beneficiary of a shift by factories trying to steer clear of the US-China trade dispute, is one of the few in Asia that is expected to expand this year as trade and manufacturing recover from lockdown disruptions.
The dong traded at 23,181 per US dollar at the close on Friday, with little change from Thursday, according to prices from banks compiled by Bloomberg.
Vietnam’s central bank has moved to a more market-based framework of setting the currency since 2016, adjusting the dong’s reference rate on a daily basis.
It allows the dong to trade within a band of 3 percent on either side of the reference rate, which is based on eight currencies.
Vietnam has never used monetary policy to give it an unfair competitive advantage, State Bank Governor Le Minh Hung said during a briefing in Hanoi last week.
Hung spoke a day after Bloomberg News reported that US President Donald Trump’s administration plans to announce the investigation into Vietnam’s currency.
Vietnam would continue pursuing monetary policies to create macro stability, sustainable growth and support measures to help with the nation’s economic recovery, Hung said.
Under the Trump administration, Vietnam has become one of the US’ 10 biggest trading partners and one with the biggest imbalances.
The US’ goods-trade deficit with the nation this year reached US$34.8 billion by July, the biggest after the shortfalls with China, Mexico and Switzerland.
Vietnam is already on the US Department of the Treasury’s list of nations with currencies being monitored for manipulation.
The department, in its latest report from January, urged Vietnam to “reduce its intervention and allow for movements in the exchange rate that reflect economic fundamentals, including gradual appreciation of the real effective exchange rate.”
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