Sun, Mar 22, 2009 page11

• Cubans turn to secret cigar-making, black market

  • AFP
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  “I’m always scared,” said Pedro as he deftly twisted large tobacco leaves to make fake famous name Havana cigars in a clandestine workshop in the Cuban capital.

  If caught in his illegal workshop, known as a chinchal, Pedro could face a prison term.

  “It’s not a business, but a necessity to survive,” Pedro said in the dim light of the dilapidated building.

  

  A worker inspects tobacco leaves put out to dry at a tobacco plantation on Feb. 24 in San Juan y Martinez, Pinar del Rio Province, Cuba. Despite the damage caused by hurricanes Ike and Gustav in August and September respectively last year, Cubans foresee one of the best tobacco harvests of the decade this year.

  PHOTO: AFP

  With long-suffering Cuba hard hit by the economic crisis and pounded by two hurricanes last year, the government has stepped up its fight against illegal trade, including in cigars.

  Sales in the famous smokes fell 3 percent last year, a report released at a Havana trade show last month showed.

  But workers such as Pedro do not plan to give up their lucrative business any time soon despite the risks.

  The 33-year-old, sporting an earring and a tracksuit, learned his craft in state factories, making famous brands such as Cohiba, Romeo y Julieta or Montecristo cigars.

  He used to earn the country’s average monthly wage of US$17, but he declined to reveal the size of his pay rise since turning to the black market five years ago.

  Pedro’s skilled hands make around 100 cigars a day, and a box of 25 sells for between US$30 and US$40, four or five times below the official price.

  Cuban President Raul Castro’s government recently underlined the need to defend the values of the island’s 50-year-old revolution in its campaign against corruption, which impacts on an annual tobacco income of US$390 million.

  “Forgeries and the black market are two scourges which really affect the image of Havana cigars on the one hand because the products are false and on the other because they affect the distribution network that we’ve built up,” said Adargelio Garrido, legal director of the Anglo-Cuban group Habanos.

  Each traveler to Cuba is allowed to take home up to two boxes of cigars, but authorities still confiscate between 1,500 and 1,700 boxes per month made in illegal workshops like Pedro’s.

  A small cement staircase leads to the crumbling workshop, which operates with a network of helpers.

  Farmers from the western Pinar del Rio Province — birthplace of Cuba’s prestigious tobacco — provide the leaves, while factory workers steal wooden boxes, paper rings and other official stamps and certificates.

  “It’s not that difficult to get supplies from factories because all the administrative services work separately, so they’re not suited to check ups,” said 42-year-old Juan, one of many clandestine retailers.

  Pedro said he turned to the illegal trade five years ago when his father fell sick. He set up the operation in the elderly man’s home and turned one room into an illegal workshop.

  “No one knows what I’m doing here, not even members of my family. It’s very dangerous,” he whispered as he mechanically lined up cigars on a table, surrounded by tobacco leaves scattered on the floor.

  “I’d like to give it up, or work outside Cuba where you get paid for the value of your work,” Pedro said.

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