China is to stick to family planning restrictions for up to 30 years, a senior Chinese official said yesterday, rejecting concern that limits on the number of children had shrunk the pool of workers needed to support an aging population.
Last year, the Chinese Communist Party announced it would relax its long-standing and controversial one-child policy, allowing all couples to have two children.
However, critics say the policy change comes too late to avert a dangerous population imbalance, as many couples are not keen on having more children.
China’s population is set to peak at about 1.45 billion by 2050 when one in every three people is expected to be more than 60 years old, with a shrinking proportion of working adults to support them.
However, officials would adhere to family planning restrictions “for the long term,” National Health and Family Planning Commission Vice Minister Wang Peian (王培安) told a news conference.
“This long-term adherence is at least 20 years, 30 years,” Wang said.
“After a period of time, along with demographic changes, and along with changes in the population’s socio-economic development situation, we will adopt a different population policy,” he said.
Wang said it was difficult to give a specific time on how long the restrictions on family size would be maintained, saying it was an issue that had to be dealt with “in line with the times.”
Asked about the danger the two-child policy would prevent China from getting rich before it got old, Wang said an aging population was a global problem and “an inevitable trend of a society’s development.”
China’s main problem with its labor force was not the number of workers, but “how to improve the quality of workers,” he said.
Wang said there was a demographic “imbalance” in China between poorer regions with higher fertility levels than cities, where many people are reluctant to have more children.
The one-child policy was introduced in the late 1970s to prevent population growth spiraling out of control, but is now regarded as outdated and responsible for shrinking the labor pool.
It has also led to the problem of an aging society, with a smaller number of productive young people, a phenomenon usually seen in industrialized countries.
With the adoption of the two-child policy, China’s labor force could rise by more than 30 million by 2050 and its aging population would be reduced by 2 percentage points by 2030, Wang said.
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