International judges handed down long prison sentences to five senior political, military and police officials in the government of the late Serbian strongman Slobodan Milosevic for their roles in the 1999 war in Kosovo. But the court acquitted Milan Milutinovic, the wartime Serbian president, who had the highest rank of the men on trial but who was effectively a figurehead.
The trial held special significance as the closest that an international criminal court was likely to come to judging the actions of the Milosevic government in Kosovo, a breakaway Serbian province. Milosevic died in 2006 before the end of his own trial before the same court, the UN War Crimes Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia in The Hague.
The Kosovo war pitted Serbian forces against an ethnic Albanian separatist guerrilla group and led to a nearly three-month bombing campaign by NATO in 1999 aimed at stopping the conflict.
NATO called it a humanitarian intervention. Its airstrikes, which drew both support and criticism, stopped after Serbian forces agreed to withdraw from Kosovo.
NATO’s bombing campaign was criticized by some Western lawyers and Russian politicians, who subsequently demanded that the tribunal charge NATO with war crimes as well. They said roughly 300 Serbs were killed by NATO bombs in such episodes as the bombing of a bridge as a passenger train was crossing, an attack on a refugee convoy and a strike against a Serbian television building in Belgrade.
NATO spokesmen at the time said that NATO officers had gone to great lengths to minimize civilian deaths, and Carla Del Ponte, the tribunal prosecutor, said that there was no evidence of a systematic attack on civilians by NATO.
Serbia has long argued that civilians in Kosovo were fleeing the bombing, not the atrocities that the men on trial in The Hague stood accused of ordering. But Judge Ian Bonomy, the Scottish jurist who read the summary, said that “none of the witnesses cited NATO bombing” as a reason for their flight.
In addition to endorsing NATO’s assertion that the refugees fled Serbian forces, the panel of judges came close to a guilty verdict for Milosevic.
Citing their reasons for acquitting Milutinovic, the judges said that in practice “it was Milosevic, sometimes termed the supreme commander, who exercised actual command authority” over Serbian troops and security police officers in 1999.
The judges convicted the five others for their roles in “a broad campaign of violence directed against the Kosovo Albanian population,” which at the time made up 90 percent of Kosovo.
They said Serbia had initiated a state-organized campaign to keep control over Kosovo through deporting or forcibly transferring a large part of the population of about 2 million.
At least 700,000 ethnic Albanians were expelled across the borders into Albania and other neighboring countries, and many were mistreated, killed, robbed, raped or had their houses burned and their identity papers confiscated, the court summary said.
Nikola Sainovic, the former Yugoslav deputy prime minister and “one of the closest and most trusted Milosevic associates,” according to the court, was sentenced to 22 years in prison.
A former army general, Nebojsa Pavkovic, and the former chief of the Serbian security police, General Sreten Lukic, were also given 22-year sentences. All three were found guilty of deportation, forcible transfer, murder and persecution.
Two other former generals, Dragoljub Ojdanic and Vladimir Lazarevic, were given 15-year prison terms for deportation and forcible transfer.
Any decision of the tribunal can be appealed, and a spokeswoman for the prosecution, Olga Kavran, said that prosecutors would study the lengthy judgment before deciding whether to accept the verdicts. The judges read out an hour-long summary on Thursday, but their ruling is more than a thousand pages long and occupies four tomes.
Lawyers who have followed the trial said they were surprised at the acquittal of Milutinovic, who attended meetings of the wartime Supreme Defense Council and was informed of government actions.
But the judges said that Milutinovic had no authority over the armed forces and that although in theory he had oversight of the Serbian security police, he had no effective control.
In the sweltering streets of Jakarta, buskers carry towering, hollow puppets and pass around a bucket for donations. Now, they fear becoming outlaws. City authorities said they would crack down on use of the sacred ondel-ondel puppets, which can stand as tall as a truck, and they are drafting legislation to remove what they view as a street nuisance. Performances featuring the puppets — originally used by Jakarta’s Betawi people to ward off evil spirits — would be allowed only at set events. The ban could leave many ondel-ondel buskers in Jakarta jobless. “I am confused and anxious. I fear getting raided or even
Kemal Ozdemir looked up at the bare peaks of Mount Cilo in Turkey’s Kurdish majority southeast. “There were glaciers 10 years ago,” he recalled under a cloudless sky. A mountain guide for 15 years, Ozdemir then turned toward the torrent carrying dozens of blocks of ice below a slope covered with grass and rocks — a sign of glacier loss being exacerbated by global warming. “You can see that there are quite a few pieces of glacier in the water right now ... the reason why the waterfalls flow lushly actually shows us how fast the ice is melting,” he said.
Eleven people, including a former minister, were arrested in Serbia on Friday over a train station disaster in which 16 people died. The concrete canopy of the newly renovated station in the northern city of Novi Sad collapsed on Nov. 1, 2024 in a disaster widely blamed on corruption and poor oversight. It sparked a wave of student-led protests and led to the resignation of then-Serbian prime minister Milos Vucevic and the fall of his government. The public prosecutor’s office in Novi Sad opened an investigation into the accident and deaths. In February, the public prosecutor’s office for organized crime opened another probe into
RISING RACISM: A Japanese group called on China to assure safety in the country, while the Chinese embassy in Tokyo urged action against a ‘surge in xenophobia’ A Japanese woman living in China was attacked and injured by a man in a subway station in Suzhou, China, Japanese media said, hours after two Chinese men were seriously injured in violence in Tokyo. The attacks on Thursday raised concern about xenophobic sentiment in China and Japan that have been blamed for assaults in both countries. It was the third attack involving Japanese living in China since last year. In the two previous cases in China, Chinese authorities have insisted they were isolated incidents. Japanese broadcaster NHK did not identify the woman injured in Suzhou by name, but, citing the Japanese
RSS