Hair pulled back tightly as she lounges on her red scooter, Ar is a rare sight among the male-dominated ranks of Bangkok’s motortaxi riders plying their trade on the Thai capital’s roads.
A veteran of seven years who works in the bustling On Nut District, Ar is among the thousands of women drawn to the work, attracted by the flexible hours, decent wages and a sense of autonomy.
She welcomes the changes as offering a chance for women to gain more independence.
Photo: AFP
“I am glad there are more opportunities for women to become motorsai,” she said, referring to the road warriors whose distinctive orange jackets line the streets of Bangkok. “A new generation of women now have to be tough and brave.”
Although no official figures are available, observers say more women are braving the risky, traffic-logged roads and discrimination for the flexible work schedule, which allows them ownership over their lives.
Chaloem Changtongmadun, president of Thailand’s Motorcycle Taxi Association, said that working as a motorsai offered women a level of freedom not available in offices, shops or factories.
“Women don’t find the work convenient when they become pregnant, take maternity leave or visit their hometown,” he told reporters. “They feel a closer connection with their families than when they worked in companies.”
He said that women today make up roughly 30 percent of Bangkok’s 98,000 registered drivers, although others say the numbers are probably lower.
“Thailand still has very blatant gender discrimination,” said Kyoko Kusakabe, a professor at Bangkok’s Asian Institute of Technology, where she studies women’s employment in the informal economy.
That is in spite of women shouldering many of the family responsibilities, especially in times of crisis, Kusakabe said.
Women are more likely to take up low-paid work in the informal economy while men “stay unemployed to look for a better job,” she said.
Chaloem also attributed the increase in recent years to the struggling economy, which has been under pressure since a military junta took over in 2014.
Thailand’s ever-shifting political landscape — where courts and coups have undercut civilian rule since 2006 — has hampered growth in what has been dubbed a “lost decade.”
“Many people lost their jobs or couldn’t make enough money to take care of themselves and their family,” Chaloem told reporters.
Thailand also has one of the highest numbers of road deaths in the world and Bangkok’s motortaxi drivers embrace a life on the edge to provide a transport lifeline, weaving skillfully between long lines of cars.
As the industry has become more regulated, the drivers are now less vulnerable to abuse from shadowy mafias demanding monthly payments.
Lines of mototaxis — known as “wins” — also function in a more democratic fashion, like holding elections of leaders and allowing members of a line to vote on certain decisions. However, most of the women still require the support of a male relative to join a line, where there is usually a lot of competition.
Waiting for her turn on a shady Bangkok street in the Ari neighborhood, Paveena — who goes by the nickname Yaya — says she could only secure her position because her brother vouched for her.
“My brother asked the win owner if I could borrow one of their [orange vests] so I could make more money,” 36-year-old Yaya told reporters, adding that the second job was needed to support her family after the death of her mother four years ago.
Today, she earns about 1,200 baht (US$37) for a full day’s work — a relatively high income compared with Thailand’s daily minimum wage of 330 baht. Being able to make her own schedule also gave her the freedom to juggle her other job of selling school stationery.
Yaya said leaving a life of routine to buzz through the streets even helped her deal with her grief.
“Driving helped me get through the loss of my mother, because I didn’t have to think so much... I just drove,” Yaya said.
Buayloy Suphasorn, 53, started 17 years ago and is considered a pioneer as one of the first female drivers on her win.
“Some men didn’t want to sit on my bike because I’m a woman, but now things have changed,” she said.
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