Chinese authorities in the far western region of Xinjiang are detaining suspects flagged by predictive software that combines data on everything from security camera footage to health and banking records, Human Rights Watch (HRW) said yesterday.
A subsidiary of China Electronics Technology Group in 2016 announced that it would start working with the Xinjiang government to combat extremism by collating data on the behavior of citizens and flagging unusual activity to the authorities.
Some people targeted by the system have been detained or sent to “political education centers” as part of the region’s security campaign, according to the HRW report, which cites official announcements and two unidentified sources who have seen the program in operation.
“For the first time, we are able to demonstrate that the Chinese government’s use of big data and predictive policing not only blatantly violates privacy rights, but also enables officials to arbitrarily detain people,” said Maya Wang, a Hong Kong-based researcher at HRW.
Reuters was unable to independently verify HRW’s claims. Neither the Xinjiang government nor the Chinese Ministry of Public Security responded to requests for comment.
A similar design of predictive security software is also being rolled out in other regions of China, but surveillance is more intrusive in Xinjiang and there are fewer protections for suspects due to government concerns about unrest, she said.
Waves of violence have rocked Xinjiang in recent years, largely fueled by tensions between the Han majority and the mostly Muslim Uighur minority who call the region home.
Although it is unclear whether the system explicitly targets Uighurs, forms to gather information for the program asked about religious practice and overseas travel, Wang said.
Official reports about the program say it has helped police catch criminals guilty of petty theft and illegal financial dealings, as well as to find Uighur officials who are disloyal to the Chinese Communist Party.
The “Integrated Joint Operations Platform” pushes lists of people of interest to the police for investigation by crunching data from closed-circuit television cameras, ID card checks and Wi-Fi connections of phones and computers, as well as health, banking and legal records.
These lists are meant to be acted upon by measures, including face-to-face visits within a day, state media reports say. The exact algorithm for weighting the various factors was unclear.
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