UN climate talks in Canada are likely to avoid setting a target date for agreeing on a successor for the UN's Kyoto Protocol, disappointing environmentalists who want a 2008 deadline, delegates said on Monday.
Backers of Kyoto -- such as the EU, Canada and Japan -- want to signal they are committed to agreeing on an extension of Kyoto's curbs on greenhouse gases blamed for global warming well before a first phase runs out in 2012.
But they are reluctant to promise any dates for completing negotiations. Businesses also want early clarification to guide long-term investments, for instance in solar or wind power.
PHOTO: AFP
"We think it will take several years," a senior Canadian official said of the process to renew Kyoto, which obliges about 40 industrial nation to cut emissions of greenhouse gases by 5.2 percent below 1990 levels by 2008-2012.
"The real target is to have a new phase in place by Jan. 1, 2013," said the official, who could not be named because of the current Canadian election campaign.
Kyoto is a first step toward reining in heat-trapping gases from burning fossil fuels in factories, power plants and autos blamed for warming the planet.
Canada hopes the Nov. 28 to Dec. 9 meeting will launch twin sets of talks -- one between Kyoto backers and a wider set to see how far outsiders such as the US and developing countries might join a UN-led fight against warming.
Environmentalists say agreement on a successor to Kyoto by 2008 is essential, partly to reassure investors in fledgling markets for trading carbon dioxide, the main greenhouse gas, that their commodity will continue to have a price.
"Many of us are extremely worried by the position of the EU," said Tony Juniper of Friends of the Earth, who accused the EU of failing to do enough to push for a deadline. "The end date for talks should be set for 2008."
"We're negotiating," Sarah Hendry, head of the British delegation which holds the EU's rotating presidency, said when asked if the EU was pushing for a deadline.
She said the Montreal meeting had either to set an end date for the Kyoto talks or send a strong signal of intent to investors that Kyoto would be extended beyond 2012. One EU delegate said the EU seemed reluctant to commit to an early deadline partly because US President George W. Bush, who opposes Kyoto, will step down in 2009.
A new president might be more willing to join UN schemes to rein in global warming. Bush pulled the US out of Kyoto in 2001, saying it wrongly excluded developing nations and would cost US jobs.
Environmentalists also accused Japan of trying too hard to force developing countries to promise to brake their emissions as part of a final package. The talks are obliged to end with a push for new targets because the text of the protocol says that member states "shall initiate consideration of [new] commitments at least seven years before the end of the first commitment period." That means this year.
Signed by 34 governments, the protocol requires countries to cut gases that cause global warming. The protocol became fully operational last Wednesday after the UN Climate Change Conference adopted final rules by consensus.
EU ministers hope to pursue follow-up arrangements with signatory countries while also opening up sensitive talks with governments that rejected Kyoto, including major polluters such as the US.
The US, which emits 25 percent of the world's so-called greenhouse gases, made clear last week that it opposed any talk of extending Kyoto-style limits on their emission. Environmental activists criticized the EU approach, saying European states should not allow Washington to set the agenda.
The EU "appears to be working on the basis of a major strategic mistake" by moving to accommodate the US government, Jupiter said. The EU needed to be "taking the lead," he added.
US environmental groups that have been opposed to the Bush administration's stance presented the US consulate here on Saturday with 600,000 signatures on a petition seeking action on global warming, organizers said.
So-called greenhouse gases, notably carbon dioxide, which is generated by burning of fossil fuels like gas, oil and coal, enlarge an atmospheric layer that blocks radiant heat from escaping Earth into space.
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