German baritone Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau, whose passionate and sensitive interpretations of German lieder brought the 19th-century song form to life again for new generations, died on Friday, 10 days short of his 87th birthday.
Sometimes described as the most recorded singer in history, Fischer-Dieskau died in the town of Berg on Starnberg Lake in Bavaria, the Bavarian State Opera announced on its Web site.
“The death of Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau is a great loss for the entire music world. Through his interpretations of vocals he decisively influenced the art of opera singing. Today’s vocals would be unthinkable without the influence of Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau,” the opera’s administrator, Nikolaus Bachler, said in a statement.
Photo: AFP
照片：法新社
The late soprano Elizabeth Schwarzkopf called him “a born god who has it all.” He was in high demand from opera houses and for recitals during a career that spanned almost 50 years until his retirement in 1992.
Born in Berlin in 1925, Fischer-Dieskau was trained at the Berlin School of Music and presented his first recital and was engaged by the City Opera of Berlin in 1947.
He emerged to international prominence after the end of World War Two and was particularly noted for his interpretations of the German art song, or lieder, especially the high romantic works of Schubert such as the song cycles Winterreise and Die schoene Muellerin.
Photo: EPA
照片：歐新社
One of the highlights of his career was his appearance in 1962 at England’s newly built Coventry Cathedral, at the invitation of composer Benjamin Britten for the world premiere of the composer’s War Requiem.
Fischer-Dieskau was highly praised for his interpretations of Falstaff in Verdi’s opera of the same name, for his performance as Count Almaviva in Mozart’s Marriage of Figaro and for the hugely demanding role of Hans Sachs in Wagner’s Die Meistersinger von Nurnberg.
He teamed up with many of the best orchestras, conductors and accompanists of the age, including pianists Alfred Brendel, Gerald Moore and Daniel Barenboim and conductors Herbert von Karajan and Leonard Bernstein.
The New York Times once called him “the world’s best singer.”
“He had only to sing one phrase,” Moore, his frequent accompanist, wrote in his memoirs, “before I knew I was in the presence of a master.”
In 1992 he gave a farewell concert in the National Theater in Munich and afterwards worked as a director, author and taught master classes.
Fischer-Dieskau is survived by his wife, the Hungarian-born soprano Julia Varady.(Reuters)
德國男中音迪特里希．費雪狄斯考上週五，也就是他即將過八十七歲生日的前十天，與世長辭。他對德文藝術歌曲的熱情與細膩詮釋，為十九世紀的歌曲形式注入新生命，在新世代繼續傳唱。
巴伐利亞國立歌劇院在其網站上公布這位堪稱擁有史上灌錄最多唱片的聲樂家費雪狄斯考，在巴伐利亞史坦貝爾湖的城鎮過世。
歌劇院經理尼可拉斯‧巴赫勒爾在一份聲明中表示：「費雪狄斯考的辭世，是全音樂界的巨大損失。藉由他對聲音的詮釋，無疑影響了歌劇演唱的藝術。當今的聲樂作品，無不受費雪狄斯考的影響。」
已故女高音伊莉莎白‧施瓦爾茨科普芙稱他為「天生擁有一切的歌唱之神」。在他一九九二年退休之前長達近五十年的演唱生涯，歌劇院的邀演及獨唱會，都讓他行程滿檔。
費雪狄斯考一九二五年出生於柏林，進入柏林高等音樂院接受聲樂訓練並首開獨唱會，隨後在一九四七年加入柏林城市歌劇院。
他在二次世界大戰末期後，逐漸於國際間聲望高漲，特別受到矚目的是他對於德文藝術歌曲的詮釋，尤其是舒伯特的聯篇歌曲《冬之旅》與《美麗的磨坊少女》。
其演唱生涯的一些重要經歷，包括他受作曲家班傑明‧布列頓之邀，於一九六二年在新落成的克芬特里大教堂上演唱該作曲家的《戰爭安魂曲》。
費雪狄斯考在威爾第歌劇《法斯塔夫》中的同名角色、莫札特歌劇《費加洛婚禮》中的阿瑪維瓦伯爵，以及華格納歌劇《紐倫堡名歌手》中角色吃重的漢斯‧薩克斯的詮釋，獲得極高評價。
他曾與許多與他同時代最好的樂團、指揮，以及伴奏合作過，包括鋼琴家阿弗列德‧布蘭德、傑洛‧摩爾與丹尼爾‧巴倫波因，以及指揮赫伯特‧馮‧卡拉揚與李奧納德‧伯恩斯坦。
《紐約時報》曾稱他為「世界最棒的聲樂家」。
經常與他搭檔演出的鋼琴家摩爾在其回憶錄寫道：「他只要唱一句，我就知道我正與一位大師同在。」
他在一九九二年於慕尼黑的國家劇院舉辦告別音樂會，之後以總監、作家與大師班教授的身分繼續其藝術生涯。
費雪狄斯考身後留下匈牙利籍女高音妻子茱莉亞‧法拉第。
（路透/翻譯：林亞蒂）
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