The world’s oceans grew to their warmest and most acidic levels on record last year, the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) said yesterday, as UN officials warned that war in Ukraine threatened global climate commitments.
Oceans saw the most striking extremes as the WMO detailed a range of turmoil wrought by climate change in its annual State of the Global Climate report.
It said melting ice sheets had helped push sea levels to new heights last year.
Photo: AFP
“Our climate is changing before our eyes. The heat trapped by human-induced greenhouse gases will warm the planet for many generations to come,” WMO secretary-general Petteri Taalas said in a statement.
The report follows the latest UN climate assessment, which warned that humanity must drastically cut its greenhouse gas emissions or face increasingly catastrophic changes to the world’s climate.
Taalas told reporters there was scant airtime for climate challenges as other crises, such as the COVID-19 pandemic and war in Ukraine, grabbed the headlines.
Selwin Hart, UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres’ special adviser on climate action, criticized countries reneging on climate commitments due to the conflict, which has pushed up energy prices and prompted European nations to seek to replace Russia as an energy supplier.
“We are ... seeing many choices being made by many major economies which, quite frankly, have the potential to lock in a high-carbon, high-polluting future, and will place our climate goals at risk,” Hart told reporters.
On Tuesday, global equity index giant MSCI warned that the world faces a dangerous increase in greenhouse gases if Russian gas is replaced with coal.
The WMO report said levels of climate-warming carbon dioxide and methane in the atmosphere last year surpassed previous records.
Globally, the average temperature last year was 1.11°C above the preindustrial average — as the world edges closer to the 1.5°C threshold beyond which the effects of warming are expected to become drastic.
“It is just a matter of time before we see another warmest year on record,” Taalas said.
Oceans bear much of the brunt of the warming and emissions. The bodies of water absorb about 90 percent of the Earth’s accumulated heat and 23 percent of the carbon dioxide emissions from human activity.
The ocean has warmed markedly faster in the past 20 years, hitting a new high last year, and is expected to become even warmer, the report said.
That change would likely take centuries or millennia to reverse, it said.
The ocean is also now its most acidic in at least 26,000 years, as it absorbs and reacts with more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
Sea level has risen 4.5cm in the past decade, with the annual increase from 2013 to last year more than double what it was from 1993 to 2002.
The WMO also listed individual extreme heat waves, wildfires, floods and other climate-linked disasters around the world, noting reports of more than US$100 billion in damages.
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