Barely a year after celebrating her first kiss, wartime Jewish teenager Renia Spiegel took to her diary in June 1942 to pray for her life.
The Nazi Germans had just killed all the Jews in one district of her southern Polish town of Przemysl, requiring many to dig their own graves.
“Wherever I look, there is bloodshed. Such terrible pogroms. There is killing, murdering,” Spiegel wrote on June 7.
Photo: AFP
“God Almighty, for the umpteenth time I humble myself in front of You, help us, save us! Lord God, let us live, I beg You, I want to live!” she wrote.
A month and a half later, the 18-year-old’s boyfriend, Zygmunt Schwarzer, who, although Jewish too, had a work permit saving him from immediate deportation, hid her and his parents in an attic outside the Jewish ghetto.
However, an informant gave them away.
Schwarzer reported her death in a chilling coda to the journal: “Three shots! Three lives lost! It happened last night at 10:30pm... My dearest Renusia, the last chapter of your diary is complete.”
The diary survived and, now, after nearly 80 years, including decades in a bank vault, it is to be published around the world.
Renia’s Diary came out in English this month and is to be republished in Polish next year. About 15 translations are in the works.
Spiegel is being called “Poland’s Anne Frank”, after the young diarist who wrote while hiding in an Amsterdam attic and was also killed in the Holocaust.
Spiegel began her diary in 1939, when she was 14 and living with her grandparents, while her mother was in Warsaw promoting her younger sister, a child star known as Poland’s Shirley Temple.
Spiegel filled about 660 pages of notebooks sewn together with longing for her mother, daydreaming about green-eyed Schwarzer and dozens of poems, plus sobering passages about the Soviet and Nazi occupations of Przemysl.
She ended almost every diary entry calling on her mother and God for help, like a mantra.
Her sister survived thanks to her best friend’s father, who took her from Przemysl — where she had become trapped due to the occupations while visiting Renia and her grandparents — by train to Warsaw.
“My life was saved because of a good Christian. Under penalty of death, he took me as his own child to my Mom,” said Elizabeth Bellak, now 88 and living in New York.
She was later baptized, and when a German officer fell in love with her mother, they were sent to a safe place in Austria, emigrating to the US after the war.
Schwarzer also survived, despite being sent to the Nazi German death camp Auschwitz-Birkenau — where, he has recounted, he was inexplicably picked out by the infamous doctor Josef Mengele to be allowed to live — and a bout of typhus.
In the 1950s, he tracked down Spiegel’s mother in New York and returned the diary.
“She was shocked. But she could never read it... You know, for a mother to lose her child,” Bellak said, adding that she herself had only read parts, because it was “too heart-wrenching.”
After her mother’s death, Bellak put the thick tome in a safe-deposit box where it languished for decades, only seeing the light of day when Bellak’s daughter dug it out.
“My name is Alexandra Renata [Bellak]. So I was named after this mysterious person I never got to meet... I was just curious about my past,” the 49-year-old real-estate broker said.
They approached New York-based Polish filmmaker Tomasz Magierski with the diary, and he agreed to dip into it out of politeness.
“But I couldn’t stop reading it! I read this thing over probably four or five nights... I got used to her handwriting and to be honest I fell in love with her. I fell in love with Renia,” he said.
“The sad thing about this diary is ... you know how it ends. But you read this thing and you hope it will somehow have a different outcome,” he said.
He was struck by the poems. In one about a German soldier, Spiegel displays empathy for the enemy: “I curse the thousands and millions / And for the one wounded, I cry.”
Magierski made a documentary film about the sisters, entitled Broken Dreams, and with the Bellaks got the diary published in Poland a few years ago through their Renia Spiegel Foundation.
This month, the two Bellaks and Magierski attended the film’s Warsaw premiere.
Audience member Krystyna Shmeruk said that she “enjoyed reading the diary entries about her first love... She writes as if the war and its horrors weren’t happening. She wants to live.”
Shmeruk also grew up in Przemysl and often passes the attic where Spiegel spent her final days.
“Every time I walk by there, I think of Renia... Had she lived she could have been a great writer or poet,” the 63-year-old said.
Over the film’s closing credits, a young actress sings one of Spiegel’s poems: “When your worry goes to sleep / don’t wake it up. / Be happy, laugh and smile. /It only lasts a short while.”
Watching from her seat, Elizabeth Bellak swayed a little to the music and smiled, but then began to cry. Alexandra Bellak put her arm around her mother and held tight.
“Nationalism, populism, anti-Semitism. All these -isms are coming back again, and we don’t want the repeat of millions of people dying,” Elizabeth Bellak said.
“Do you know some people never believed it happened? “I was in it. I can say it did happen,” she said.
Chinese President Xi Jinping (習近平) is to visit Russia next month for a summit of the BRICS bloc of developing economies, Chinese Minister of Foreign Affairs Wang Yi (王毅) said on Thursday, a move that comes as Moscow and Beijing seek to counter the West’s global influence. Xi’s visit to Russia would be his second since the Kremlin sent troops into Ukraine in February 2022. China claims to take a neutral position in the conflict, but it has backed the Kremlin’s contentions that Russia’s action was provoked by the West, and it continues to supply key components needed by Moscow for
Japan scrambled fighter jets after Russian aircraft flew around the archipelago for the first time in five years, Tokyo said yesterday. From Thursday morning to afternoon, the Russian Tu-142 aircraft flew from the sea between Japan and South Korea toward the southern Okinawa region, the Japanese Ministry of Defense said in a statement. They then traveled north over the Pacific Ocean and finished their journey off the northern island of Hokkaido, it added. The planes did not enter Japanese airspace, but flew over an area subject to a territorial dispute between Japan and Russia, a ministry official said. “In response, we mobilized Air Self-Defense
CRITICISM: ‘One has to choose the lesser of two evils,’ Pope Francis said, as he criticized Trump’s anti-immigrant policies and Harris’ pro-choice position Pope Francis on Friday accused both former US president Donald Trump and US Vice President Kamala Harris of being “against life” as he returned to Rome from a 12-day tour of the Asia-Pacific region. The 87-year-old pontiff’s comments on the US presidential hopefuls came as he defied health concerns to connect with believers from the jungle of Papua New Guinea to the skyscrapers of Singapore. It was Francis’ longest trip in duration and distance since becoming head of the world’s nearly 1.4 billion Roman Catholics more than 11 years ago. Despite the marathon visit, he held a long and spirited
China would train thousands of foreign law enforcement officers to see the world order “develop in a more fair, reasonable and efficient direction,” its minister for public security has said. “We will [also] send police consultants to countries in need to conduct training to help them quickly and effectively improve their law enforcement capabilities,” Chinese Minister of Public Security Wang Xiaohong (王小洪) told an annual global security forum. Wang made the announcement in the eastern city of Lianyungang on Monday in front of law enforcement representatives from 122 countries, regions and international organizations such as Interpol. The forum is part of ongoing