Turkey on Saturday stood its ground over the contentious issue of visa-free travel for its citizens, warning German Chancellor Angela Merkel and top EU officials it would stop taking back refugees from Europe if the bloc failed to keep its word.
“The issue of the visa waiver is vital for Turkey,” Turkish Prime Minister Ahmet Davutoglu said at a joint news conference with Merkel, European Council President Donald Tusk and European Commission First Vice President Frans Timmermans.
The leaders were in southeast Turkey for a high-stakes visit aimed at boosting a 6 billion euro (US$6.7 billion) deal to return refugees arriving on Greek shores to Turkey. The deal has been plagued by moral and legal concerns.
If Ankara meets its side of the agreement, the European Commission has promised to recommend next month that EU states approve visa-free travel for Turks. However, there has been growing unease in Europe over fears that security concerns are being fudged to fast-track Turkey’s application.
Davutoglu said the key to tackling the refugee crisis lies in “closer cooperation, and for us part of that closer cooperation is the visa liberalization... Those two go hand in hand.”
Merkel replied that she “intends to fulfill the agreement, provided Turkey brings the results” to the table.
Ankara must meet 72 conditions to earn the visa waiver and is believed to have fulfilled about half.
Asked what Turkey would do if the EU tried to delay the visa part of the accord, Davutoglu said Ankara would stop taking back refugees.
“If that were to happen, then the readmission agreement will also not enter into force,” he said.
Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan had already warned last week that the deal would fall through if the EU did not come through on visas.
About 325 refugees have been returned to Turkey from Greek islands since the agreement came into force on March 20, mostly from Pakistan and Afghanistan.
The deal has already sharply reduced the number of people crossing from Turkey to Greece, although the International Organization for Migration has said the numbers are “once again ticking up,” possibly as smugglers get more creative.
Merkel, Tusk and Timmermans had earlier visited the Nizip 2 camp near the town of Gaziantep on the Turkish-Syrian border, where they spoke to some of the 5,000 people, including 1,900 children, who live in rows of white and beige prefabricated houses.
The European leaders were keen to show how funds are helping Turkey improve conditions for the 2.7 million refugees the country is hosting — although critics have pointed out the majority live in poverty far from the official camps.
They inaugurated an EU-funded child protection center, receiving gifts from children, and seemed keen to keep their ally sweet, with Tusk saying Turkey was “the best example for the whole world” on how to treat refugees.
Human Rights Watch acting deputy director for Europe Judith Sunderland had earlier said that instead of “touring a sanitized refugee camp,” Merkel “should go to the detention center for people who were abusively deported from Greece.”
Merkel said she had talked with Davutoglu about creating “safe zones ... along the Turkish-Syrian border,” saying it “has to be of the utmost immediate importance also in our negotiations for a ceasefire” in the conflict-hit country.
Many in Europe had been watching closely to see if the delegation would take a stand against the deterioration of rights in Turkey.
Tusk had set the tone for a confrontational visit on Friday, when he insisted “our freedoms, including freedom of expression, will not be subject to any political bargaining. This message must be heard by President Erdogan.”
However, the leaders on Saturday refused to be drawn, with Merkel saying simply that they had “talked frankly” about it.
“We have always underlined ... that values like freedom of the press, freedom of expression are for us inalienable,” she said.
Turkish academics and journalists, who have criticized government policies on Kurds and Syria, are on trial accused of betraying the state in cases that have sounded alarm bells over growing restrictions on free speech under Erdogan.
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