Fri, May 18, 2007 page7

• Bolivia's `Tinku' draws in tourists

  • AP
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  The locals come down from the mountains drunk, dancing and ready to fight. The police come to make sure no one dies. And the tourists, reporters and documentary filmmakers come for the blood.

  The outside world has discovered "Tinku," or "encounter" in Quechua, an ancient ritual in which indigenous Quechua communities gather each year in a remote corner of the Bolivian Andes to dance, sing and settle old scores in staggering street fights.

  The largest Tinku takes place early each May in Macha, 340km southeast of La Paz, where this year's festival provided a stunning and sometimes uneasy combination of culture, spectacle and violence.

  

  Two Quechua women hold a fierce fight during celebrations of the Tinku Festival in Macha, Bolivia, on May 4. Tinku, an ancestral ritual that predates the Spanish conquest, consists of rival villages engaging in hand-to-hand combat that tradition says will secure richer, more prosperous crops in the coming year.

  PHOTO: AP

  Relatively unknown outside the Andes for centuries, Tinku remains on the fringe of Bolivia's growing tourism industry.

  But its heavily asterisked listing in the guidebooks -- Lonely Planet calls it "a violent and often grisly spectacle" -- is beginning to draw both backpackers and members of the media curious to witness the peculiar event firsthand.

  The attention has not gone unnoticed by the locals in Macha, a bitterly poor village of adobe houses and narrow dirt streets tucked between cold, dusty hills some 4,000m above sea level.

  Tinku fighters generally resent the foreigners' gaze and now ask for money to have their picture taken.

  When drunk enough, a fighter may take an occasional swing at anyone in the street carrying a camera.

  Tinku is a pre-Colombian tradition meant to solve conflicts and release tensions within the local community while honoring the Andean earth goddess Pachamama. Participants believe the spilt blood brings fertility to the rocky soil, and the death of a fighter forecasts an especially abundant harvest the following year.

  The challenge for Macha city officials is to promote Tinku's authentic heritage while preventing the spotlight from turning its sacred rituals into meaningless blood sport.

  "Before, Tinku was something shared," said Abelardo Colque, who was selling press passes in Macha's one-room city hall.

  "They didn't just fight; they fought and ended up shaking hands. But now it's turning into just fighting without any point," he said.

  The festival includes several days of ceremonies blurred together by sleepless and spirited binges on grain alcohol and chicha, a tart homemade corn beer. There are prayers to a Christian crucifix, llama sacrifices at dawn, and an endless stomping, shuffling dance to the eerie strains of cane flutes and rhythmic, two-chord songs beat out on mandolin-like charangos.

  On its climactic day, May 4 this year, fighters marched down the hill into town -- still dancing, still singing -- with their eyes peeled for particular rivals, intent on resolving everything from love triangles to land disputes.

  While most fights are short-lived, death is not uncommon -- one person was killed at a smaller Tinku in Macha in February.

  But with more foreigners turning up each year, local officials have brought in extra police to reduce the violence, and even broadcast radio announcements asking revelers not to attack street vendors.
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